Human Nervous System Level3 By Graciela Garcia. Functions of the Nervous System:  Brain detects changes in the environment externally and internally.

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Presentation transcript:

Human Nervous System Level3 By Graciela Garcia

Functions of the Nervous System:  Brain detects changes in the environment externally and internally  Brain stores information  Brain responds by starting changes in the nerves and glands  Maintains homeostasis  Brain processes signals

The cross section layers of the brain: Longitudinal Tissue -Separates brain medially Lateral Tissue -Separates temporal and frontal lobes. Central Sulcus -Separates frontal and parietal lobes

Divisions of the Nervous System: Central Nervous System -Brain -Spinal Cord Peripheral Nervous System Autonomic -Controls are involuntary -Blood flow, digestion, and heart Beat Somatic (not automatic) -Chewing, walking, and running

The four lobes

Description of the four lobes of the brain:  Frontal Lobe Reasoning Planning Problem Solving Thinking  Parietal Lobe Recognizing Stimuli orientation Speech  Temporal Lobe Memory Speech Auditory stimuli  Occipital Lobe Visual Processing Hallucinations

Spinal Nerves:  Sacral Tailbone Spinal nerves: 5 -Innervate posterior legs and buttocks  Thoracic Chest Spinal Nerves: 12 -Innervate trunk and parts of arms  Cervical Neck Spinal nerves: 8 -Innervate back of head, upper back, and neck  Lumbar Lower back Spinal nerves: 5 -Innervate lower abdomen and anterior legs

Diagram

Cranial Nerves: -Olfactory: the sense of smell -Optic: does the vision -Abducent: abduction of the eye -Facial: Facial expressions, saliva, tears, and taste

The Neuron & it’s Parts:  A neuron is a nerve cell that forms chains that go throughout your whole body including the brain PARTS OF A NEURON:  Dendrite (receives transmitters from environment)  Cell Body (contains nucleus, and is largest part of cell)  Nucleus (in cell body and contains DNA)  Axon (tube that sends signals from cell body to axon terminal)  Myelin Sheath (lipid [fat] that keeps chemicals inside axon to speed up transmission of the signal)  Axon Terminal (end of axon where neurotransmitters are released)  Neurotransmitters: chemical released into synaptic elect and to attach themselves to receptors on next neuron)  Synaptic Cleft: gap between neurons)

Neuron

Flow of the CSF: Cerebrospinal Fluid – Clear fluid that is made in the spaces of the brain and circulates around the brain and spinal cord to cushion the brain and gives it nutrients. -Some made in choroid plexus of lateral ventricle in brain -Travels through interventricular forearm to 3 rd ventricle -Travels through 4 th ventricle through cerebral aqueduct  Some travels to surround whole brain  Some travel to spinal cord Absorbed by the arachnoid villi and filtered with the blood

The flow of CSF

Meninges: Skin of scalp  Greater density of hair follicles Periosteum  Connective tissue layer  Bone  Duramater  Arachnoid  Piamater