& Cultural Heritage

A simple, standardized, legally robust way to grant © permissions to cultural works and data

 Enable © holders to grant copy and reuse permissions to the public  6 licenses:  Some grant commercial uses  Some grant derivative uses  All require attribution CC Licenses

 Attribution  ShareAlike  NonCommercial  NoDerivatives 4 Elements

Public Domain Dedication Licenses

CC Zero = I want to waive all of MY rights to a work. (legally operable)

PD Mark = For works already in the public domain. (legally operable)

Lawyer Readable Legal Code

Human Readable Deed

Machine Readable Metadata

+ Museums

Digital collections

 100k+ online image collection  CC BY for images and text owned by museum; PD for PD works  Most restrictive  most open  2004: CC BY-NC-ND  2010: CC BY-NC  Today: CC BY & PD statement Brooklyn Museum

 150,000 images of its public domain collection released via CC0  Initial hesitation, but marketing dept argued that “the digital reproduction of an item would pique public interest in it, leading them to buy tickets to the museum to see the real deal” Rijksmuseum

 Move to open aligned w/greater sales  2010: No images available  2011: First set available via CC BY  2012: CC0; launched Rijksstudio  2013: Released all resolutions under CC0 Rijksmuseum

by Joris Pekel

 Promoted museum beyond staff capabilities  Curried goodwill w/public, creative industries, funders  Would they do it again? “Yes, but a lot faster.” – Museum staff Rijksmuseum

 The Concert podcasts and music library are shared via CC BY-NC-ND  CC as promotional tool; 40k downloads from 83 countries in first 6 weeks  CC “key” to success; reached hundreds of thousands more people Isabella Stewart Gardner

 “…making these high-quality recordings free and shareable is a major part of why The Concert has been so successful. In thinking about the podcast, it was important to us to really embrace the way people are listening to music today.” Isabella Stewart Gardner

 100 educational videos via CC BY  160 high res images via CC0  Like BM, moved to more open:  Originally considered CC BY-NC- ND, but chose CC BY in 2009  Today: CC0  Enabled exposure on Wikipedia Statens Museum for Kunst

 “Use = Value”  “[Our public domain collections] don’t belong to us; they belong to the public. Free access ensures that our collections continue to be relevant to users now and in the future.” Statens Museum for Kunst

 20,000+ images  CC BY-SA for photos of 3D artworks  Public domain for photos of 2D artworks whose © has expired  Donated to Wikimedia Commons; supports Wikipedia articles - 10 million views Walters Art Museum

 20,000 cartographic works released as high resolution downloads via CC0  CC0 for digital reproductions b/c maps are in the public domain  “We believe our collections inspire all kinds of creativity, innovation and discovery." New York Public Library

Collection Records

 NYPL – 1 million records  Europeana – 30 million records  Harvard Library – 12 million records  Digital Public Library of America – 8 million records  Smithsonian Cooper-Hewitt – 75% of its collection CC0 Metadata Records

 75% of documented collection data available for download via CC0  Collection data is “the raw material on which interpretations through exhibitions, public programs, and experiences are built.” Smithsonian Cooper-Hewitt Museum

 “The release of such data into the public domain brings closer a future in which cross-institutional discovery is the norm.” Smithsonian Cooper-Hewitt Museum

 Digital library for all of Europe  million objects in public domain, CC0, or under various CC licenses  30 million records released via CC0  Users can search & browse by reuse rights Europeana

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 8 million records from U.S. libraries, archives, museums under CC0  One portal to search & browse through distributed resources  App Library – developers building apps using open data Digital Public Library of America

Engaging Users & Artists

 Invites users to tag collection with their photos from Flickr, Instagram  Users can help identify errors and submit corrections to collection data  Encourages users to cite objects in Wikipedia Smithsonian Cooper-Hewitt Museum

Result: Wikipedia is largest source of traffic from other websites – more than FB, Twitter, Tumblr, etc.

 API + Rijksstudio – 177k user contributions  “Open Cultuur Data” competition  2,000+ images feat. In Wikipedia articles – 10 mil+ views  First results in Google Image Search Rijksmuseum

by Frida Gregersen

 Bring our collections to the public  Collaborate w/communities of users  Provide framework + resources, then step back and see what people do  Let go of control over how our collections are perceived, used, & create meaning and value to people Statens Museum for Kunst

 Artists Registry for sharing artworks in response to 9/11  Artists choose how they want to share their art under CC  Artworks have been used in news stories and multimedia timelines of 9/11 9/11 Memorial Museum

Sharing Digital Collections Sharing Collection Records Engaging Users + Community

CC licenses are robust, built on © law Clarity and specificity regarding use Data embedded w/assets; enables browse/search filters Minimizes overhead for individual transactions Clear way to share PD collections

Promotional & educational tool Increases reach + impact of museum Good will w/public, creative industries Enable unexpected, creative & delightful results Lead to refocusing of resources, new funding + revenue models

Except where otherwise noted: CC BY creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 Creative Commons and the double C in a circle are registered trademarks of Creative Commons in the United States and other countries. Third party marks and brands are the property of their respective holders.