PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL Properties of Matter
What is the difference between physical and chemical properties? Physical Properties: Can be observed or measured without changing the matter’s identity. Chemical Properties: Cannot be observed or measured without changing the matter’s identity.
Examples of Physical Properties: There are 6 examples………………………………..
1. Thermal Conductivity Rate at which a substance transfers heat. Example: Oven mitts are poor conductors. Metal is an excellent conductor.
2. State Physical form in which a substance exists. Examples are: solids, liquids and gasses.
3. Density Mass per unit volume. Density = mass/volume Less dense things float. More dense things sink.
4. Solubility Ability of a substance to dissolve in another substance. For example: Salt in water
5. Ductility Ability of a substance to be pulled into a wire. For example: Copper
6. Malleability Ability of a substance to be rolled or pounded into thin sheets. For example: Aluminum Foil
Examples of Chemical Properties There are 2 examples……………………….
1. Flammability Ability of a substance to burn. For example ash and smoke cannot burn so they are nonflammable.
2. Reactivity Ability of 2 or more substances to combine and form one or more substances. For example: Iron reacts with oxygen to form rust.
There are 2 types of changes: 1. A physical change. 2. A chemical change.
Physical Changes: Do not form new substances. It is a change that affects one or more physical properties of a substance.
Examples of physical changes: Sanding wood Water cycle Crushing of a can
Chemical Changes: Happens when one or more substances are changed into new substances that have new and different properties.
Examples of chemical changes: Rockets Soured milk Effervescent tablets The Statue of Liberty changing color
Physical Versus Chemical Changes To help identify the difference ask yourself, Did the composition change? The composition of an object is the type of matter that makes up the object and the way that the matter is arranged in the object.