What to do with Space Station Poo 1

2 David Heck Advanced Manufacturing Research & Development Boeing – Phantom Works, St. Louis, Mo SEND IT TO THE MOON

What to do with Space Station Poo 3 Space Shuttle Return to Flight July 2005 Discover Returned with 13 tons of ISS trash 26,000 pounds total old equipment, packaging, wiring waste water, human waste, etc

What to do with Space Station Poo 4 Returned with 13 tons of ISS trash (2 years worth) 26,000 pounds total old equipment, packaging, wiring waste water, human waste, etc Paid lots of $$ to get it to orbit Paying more to bring it home

What to do with Space Station Poo 5

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8 Shower Head Vacuum Hose

What to do with Space Station Poo 9 Sit here Footrest Vacuum Hose

What to do with Space Station Poo 10

What to do with Space Station Poo 11 Space Station Waste Estimate (5)

What to do with Space Station Poo 12 In-Situ Resource Utilization (ISRU) 3558 g/CM-d TOTAL 1918 g Human Waste = 54% 423 g bio-degradable Total degradable = 66% (5)

What to do with Space Station Poo 13 26,000 pounds total of trash old equipment, packaging, wiring waste water, human waste, etc Based on typical ISS output, 54% human waste 66% bio-related Actual composition: 14,410 lbs. human waste 1,600 lbs. other bio-degradable

What to do with Space Station Poo 14 Why is this important ? Launch costs are prohibitive Delta IV Medium – $130 million puts 25,000 pounds in LEO about $5000 per pound to LEO Can land 4400 pounds on Lunar surface $30,000 per pound to Lunar surface

What to do with Space Station Poo 15

What to do with Space Station Poo 16 Why In-Situ ? 6 ounce can of Wasabi Peas - 12 bottle of ketchup - Not having to ship EVERYTHING up from the Earth - PRICELESS $11,250 $22,500

What to do with Space Station Poo 17 Living off the land In-Situ Resource Utilization (ISRU)

What to do with Space Station Poo 18

What to do with Space Station Poo 19 Lunar Landings, circa Apollo 3 Luna 840 lbs. Wash U. regional node for analysis

What to do with Space Station Poo % 4.5 % 40 % 19 % 6 % Titanium 14 %

What to do with Space Station Poo 21 40% oxygen – rocket oxidizer, O2 19 % silicon – glass & ceramics 14% iron - iron & steel products – construction 6% Titanium - high temperature & spacecraft 5.5% Aluminum – light weight spacecraft parts 4.5%Magnesium – light weight parts, alloy element Others: Chrome, Manganese, Sulphur, Potassium, Carbon (00.014%) 850 pounds from 6 sites. What else could we find ?

What to do with Space Station Poo 22 Composition of Lunar Samples

What to do with Space Station Poo 23 Composition of Lunar Samples

What to do with Space Station Poo 24 Mining Robotic Sweeper – 2 foot wide, 1 inch regolith depth Moving at 1 mile per hour (5280 ft per hour = 1.5 ft per sec) Gathers 880 ft3 PER HOUR = 10 ft x 10 ft x 8.8 feet Iron, 25% utilization yields 28 ft3 of IRON = ft X 4 ft X 1 inch sheets PER HOUR ! Lunar Industry ADD Carbon = STEEL

What to do with Space Station Poo 25 Lunar Industry Ground transport lunar bus, carts, miners, rovers Maglev trains & tracks Mass driver launchers Structures blast deflectors, reflectors, antennas, sun shades tanks, towers, rails/tracks habitats, work areas power transmission Systems Gas & fluid processing equipment & machines Waste processing & recycling Power generation & transmission

What to do with Space Station Poo 26 Spherical Tanks “Stick” Reflectors

What to do with Space Station Poo 27 Lunar Industry

What to do with Space Station Poo 28 How do we get it there ? Three main steps Push into Trans-Lunar Injection trajectory Brake into Lunar orbit (LOI) De-orbit & land on the Moon Requires lots of Fuel

What to do with Space Station Poo 29 How do we get it there ? Easy Way - Upper Stage Chemical Rocket booster Traditional rocket powered Lander Lots of mass to push to Moon Requires lots of Fuel How Much ??

What to do with Space Station Poo 30 Data from NASA Apollo 11 Press Kit Shows spacecraft weight delivered to LEO (Low Earth Orbit) Shows weights for each portion of Apollo 11 Command & Service Module L.E.M. (Descent and Ascent stages) Various sub-systems (water, ECS package, etc.) Propellant weights for each stage, engine specs Allows calculation of “Parametric” values Lessons from Apollo *

What to do with Space Station Poo 31 Lessons from Apollo *

What to do with Space Station Poo 32 Lessons from Apollo *

What to do with Space Station Poo 33 Lessons from Apollo *

What to do with Space Station Poo 34 For every 10,000 lbs in LEO, Apollo puts 3300 lbs in TLI Requires LOX/LH2 J-2 class engines Payload Ratio is.33 Trans Lunar Injection Summary Lessons from Apollo * Delta II (7925H-10L) can place 10,120 lbs in LEO Current MB-60 engine is higher performance than J-2 Isp = 467 versus Isp = 420 for J-2 Required propellant = 10,120*.666*(420/467) = 6019 lbs Payload to LLO = 10, = 4101 lbs (extra 761#) Delta IV (5,4) can place 25,300 lbs in LEO Propellant = 15,048 lbs Payload to TLI = 10,252 lbs Payload Ratio is.33

What to do with Space Station Poo 35 Lunar Orbit Insertion Apollo Summary Command Service Module/LEM weight at TLI = 100,369 LOI Propellant used = 12,011 lbs MMH/NTO Apollo Isp = 318 versus Isp = 338 for RS-72 Fuel fraction =.112 ……. Payload fraction =.887 Delta II ( TLI = 4101 lbs) payload to LLO = 3,639 lbs Delta IV (5,4) (TLI = 10,252) payload to LLO = 9,099 lbs Payload Ratio is. 887 Lessons from Apollo *

What to do with Space Station Poo 36 Lunar LANDING Apollo Summary LEM weight 33,205 (Apollo 11) Descent Propellant used = 18,100 lbs MMH/NTO Payload to Lunar Surface = 14,501 lbs …. Apollo Isp = 318 versus Isp = 338 for RS-72 Apply to LEM weights, current fractions are … Fuel fraction =.513 ……. Payload fraction =.487 Delta II ( LLO = 3639 lbs) payload to Lunar Surface = 1,772 lbs Delta IV (LLO = 9,099) payload to Lunar Surface = 4431 lbs !!!! Payload fraction =.487 Lessons from Apollo *

What to do with Space Station Poo 37 Summary of TLI, LOI, LL TLI fraction =.33LOI fraction =.887 L Landing =.487 Delta IV (5,4) puts 25,300 lbs in LEO Lands 4431 pounds on the surface = 17% Payload For our 8,800 pounds of … schtuff, we need 52,000 pounds of $5,000 per pound, cost = $258,000,000 Lessons from Apollo *

What to do with Space Station Poo 38 Other Ideas Mars Rover Landing Bag Ion Propulsion ISP = 8,000 vs. 460 for LH2 Fuel weight now 4,000 lbs Cost is $20,000,000

What to do with Space Station Poo 39 IS THIS REALLY GOING TO HAPPEN ? US South Pole Research Station University of Arizona Controlled Environment Ag. Center

What to do with Space Station Poo 40 University of Arizona Controlled Environment Ag. Center

What to do with Space Station Poo 41 University of Arizona Controlled Environment Ag. Center Mars Simulation Development Unit

What to do with Space Station Poo 42