DME S – Lecture: 12 Design of MED, MED-TVC and MVC Desalination Plants September 29 th - 30 th, 2009 Duisburg, Germany CSP-MED: an option for sustainable desalination Massimo Moser, DLR Stuttgart

Massimo Moser DLR DME S – Lecture: 12 CSP-MED: an option for sustainable desalination 00-2 Overview Water scarcity and future trends Actual problems of desalination Ways to sustainability: renewable energies CSP CSP-MED CSP-MED / CSP-RO comparison Conclusions

Massimo Moser DLR DME S – Lecture: 12 CSP-MED: an option for sustainable desalination 00-3 Water scarcity Source: IWMI 2006

Massimo Moser DLR DME S – Lecture: 12 CSP-MED: an option for sustainable desalination 00-4 Water scarcity – Focus on MENA Source: AQUA-CSP

Massimo Moser DLR DME S – Lecture: 12 CSP-MED: an option for sustainable desalination 00-5 Actual situation & outlook – Focus on MENA Unsustainable groundwater over-use! Source: AQUA-CSP

Massimo Moser DLR DME S – Lecture: 12 CSP-MED: an option for sustainable desalination 00-6 Actual situation & outlook Inhomogeneous distribution of water resources Population growth Raising industrial production  Growing demand vs constant resources  Water crisis!  Conflicts / Wars for water  Solutions? Improving water use efficiency Fixing international laws Using non-traditional water sources (e.g. seawater)

Massimo Moser DLR DME S – Lecture: 12 CSP-MED: an option for sustainable desalination 00-7 Problems of desalination Environmental problems: Water intake Greenhouse gases emissions Brine discharge Energetic problems: High energy consumption Availability of fossil fuel in the mid/long-term  These problems have to be solved!

Massimo Moser DLR DME S – Lecture: 12 CSP-MED: an option for sustainable desalination 00-8 Matching of water deficits and solar resources Source: NASA; DLR

Massimo Moser DLR DME S – Lecture: 12 CSP-MED: an option for sustainable desalination 00-9 Parabolic trough Source: Pilkington, DLR

Massimo Moser DLR DME S – Lecture: 12 CSP-MED: an option for sustainable desalination Linear Fresnel

Massimo Moser DLR DME S – Lecture: 12 CSP-MED: an option for sustainable desalination Solar Tower

Massimo Moser DLR DME S – Lecture: 12 CSP-MED: an option for sustainable desalination CSP Technology comparison Source: DLR

Massimo Moser DLR DME S – Lecture: 12 CSP-MED: an option for sustainable desalination Daily and yearly fluctuation of solar resources - 1 Note that the max efficiency does not match the max DNI

Massimo Moser DLR DME S – Lecture: 12 CSP-MED: an option for sustainable desalination Daily and yearly fluctuation of solar resources - 2 Low sun elevation in winter causes large efficiency losses

Massimo Moser DLR DME S – Lecture: 12 CSP-MED: an option for sustainable desalination Energy storage options: CSP vs other renewables Molten salt (NaNO 3 + KNO 3 ) Concrete

Massimo Moser DLR DME S – Lecture: 12 CSP-MED: an option for sustainable desalination CSP power plant Source: AQUA-CSP

Massimo Moser DLR DME S – Lecture: 12 CSP-MED: an option for sustainable desalination Co-generation: CSP-MED Source: F. Trieb

Massimo Moser DLR DME S – Lecture: 12 CSP-MED: an option for sustainable desalination Which T s ? The MED point of view…

Massimo Moser DLR DME S – Lecture: 12 CSP-MED: an option for sustainable desalination …and the turbine point of view

Massimo Moser DLR DME S – Lecture: 12 CSP-MED: an option for sustainable desalination Comparison with the „competitor“ Source: AQUA-CSP

Massimo Moser DLR DME S – Lecture: 12 CSP-MED: an option for sustainable desalination Conclusions CSP-MED is a very promising option for a sustainable desalination The option of heat storage allows to damp the problem of the fluctuating solar irradiation and consents an almost-constant operation of the MED plant This solution will be probably particularly suitable for the East-Mediterranean Sea and the Gulf, due to economic considerations

Massimo Moser DLR DME S – Lecture: 12 CSP-MED: an option for sustainable desalination For more informations: AQUA-CSP, a study of the DLR Stuttgart, MED-CSD project (ongoing)

Massimo Moser DLR DME S – Lecture: 12 CSP-MED: an option for sustainable desalination Thank you for your attention!

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