© Fraunhofer Challenges Faced by Cities Prof. Dr.-Ing. Görge Deerberg Fraunhofer UMSICHT

© Fraunhofer Global Drivers Increasing Populations Grows Increasing Urbanization Period 1800 Early IndustrializationLate IndustrializationGlobalizationLife Sciences Cities Population billion Rural Areas Increase of Population up to 9,6 billion until 2050 Rural Population will decrease for the first time in human history 3,4 billion (2014) to 3,2 billion (2050) Increasing Urbanization increase of Urban Population 3,9 billion (2014) to 6,4 billion (2050) (2014: 54%, 2050: 66%) Increasing Urban Buying Power > 50% of middle class living in cities World Quelle: UN population division, 2014

© Fraunhofer Megatrend Urbanization Worldwide Migration to Cities -> Work and Income, Life Style 80% of World Economy Capacity will be generated in Towns Increase of Structural Problems in Rural Areas New Forms of Working, Living und Habitation new Participation Processes Adopted Infrastructures Water, Nutrition, Healthcare, Waste Management, Energy, Mobility, Communication, …, Education Sustainable Urban Development Environmental Risks Increasing Emissions by Cities Today app. 70% of GHG-Emissions from Cities Water-Footprint Bildquellen: Allianz Megacities are Hotspots of Change and Hotspots for Solution of Global Challenges

© Fraunhofer Challenges Sustainability as Major Challenge Radical Innovations in Energy Efficiency and Resource Efficiency  Strong Coupling of Urbanization, Ecological Footprint and Prosperity  For Decoupling Sustainable Structures and Systems for Cities are needed  Cities will increase the Demand for Sustainable Solutions VAE Germany Russia China Kongo (DR) Education, Health, Income Quellen: 1 WWF, Living Planet Report 2012; 2 UNDP, Bericht über die menschliche Entwicklung 2014 Sustainable Development Quadrant USA Brazil Katar India Bangladesch

© Fraunhofer Needed Competences for Cities of the Future Applied Systems Research for Urban Technologies Urban Energy Systems Generating, Storing and Utilization free of Emissions Mobility Transportation Multi-modal Mobility Systems Building Planning Building as a Power Station Water Resources Multi-Resource-Cycles Information Communication ICT-Platforms for Smart Cities Production Logistics Urban Production and Supply Security and Protection Resilient Buildings and Infrastructure Urban Processes Co-Innovation und Business Models Relevant Research Areas and Fraunhofer – Activities: Morgenstadt

© Fraunhofer Resilient Infra Struktures Plus Energy Houses + Electro Mobility Services Smartphone-Apps IT-Tools for Building- and City Planning Hybrid Energy Systems Virtual Power Stations Urban Mining Energy Storage Technologies Mobility Concepts Smart Cities Open Data Hydrogen Generation Logistic Solutions Fraunhofer-Initiative »Morgenstadt« Technologies

© Fraunhofer Sustainable Buildings Integrated in Cities Concept ICT- Structure, Logistics, Mobility, … Functional Building Envelope protects, produces and stores Energy, reduces Emissions … Buildings Systems are integrated Water Cycles, Energy System, … Urban/ Roof Top Farming Production of Food or Active Ingredients, Education

© Fraunhofer Water and Waste Water Clean Water is a Basic Requirement Natural Water Resources are limited Waste Water Treatment Energy Consumption, Infrastructure, Land Consumption, Residuals (Sewage Sludge) Emissions – Pharamceuticals in Water Antibiotics, Hormones, Analgetics, Antirheumatics Decentralized Waste Water Treatment Decision Support Systems (Technology) Water Desalination Coupled to Sustainable Energy System New anaerobic, decentralized, Processes Generating Biogas from Wastewater New Technologies to extract Minor Components Membranes, Catalytic Processes

© Fraunhofer Waste Utilization Technologies to convert Wastes into Products or Energy Recycling / or thermal Utilization of Plastics Electronic Waste Metals Paper Glas Converting Bio Waste (Municipal, Industry) Biogas (Energy, Mobilty) Biocrude Oil (Energy, Chemistry) Transportation Fuels (Mobility) Biochar (Energy, Agriculture)

© Fraunhofer Example: Bio Waste New Processes to convert (Bio) Wastes into Fuels Macaúba vegetable oil Reforestation (soil erosion, water production) inedible animal fats vegetable oils residues used cooking oils Residues and waste as feedstock

© Fraunhofer Energy Systems Vision » hybrid urban energy storage « Realization of high shares of renewable energies by a smart combination of different storages: Few huge centralized storages, some big decentralized storages and many small decentralized storages and virtual storages (incl. thermal storages) mostly located in the city. © Fraunhofer UMSICHT

© Fraunhofer Fraunhofer-Visions for Cities of the Future Quelle: Visions »Morgenstadt « Environment Min. (CO 2 -) Emissions Clean Water Minimum Soil Sealing Living Quality Highest Living Quality Health, Nutrion, Security Smart City All Potentials / Systems are intelligently cross- linked Energy High Energy Efficiency Climate Change Adaptable to Climate Change Effects Resources Resource Efficiency Min. Waste Sufficient Water Supply Society Modern Post Fossil Society E-Mobility Initiation of Elektromobility

© Fraunhofer Challenges for Cities of the Future Holistic Design and Planning of Cities Systems mobility transportation urban processes energy resources production logistics information communication building planning transformation management Economic development & business innovation Resource cycles Security and protection

© Fraunhofer Thank You For Your Attention