Perception Review Kimberley Clow

Final Exam  Cumulative Final –Textbook chapters 10, 15, & 16 –All lectures (September-December) –30-ish questions on info since test2 –50-ish questions on test1 and test2 info  40% –Unless you missed or replace test1 or missed or replace test2 Then it is 70% –Unless you missed or replaced BOTH tests Then it is 100%

Definitions  Sensation –the process by which stimuli are registered in the receptors  Perception –the conscious experience of objects and object relationships  Psychophysics –The study of the relationship between physical stimuli in the world and the sensations about them that we experience  Absolute Threshold –Boundary between detectable and undetectable stimuli  Just Noticeable Difference –Minimum amount a stimulus must be changed to produce a noticeable difference

Psychophysics  What are we looking at? –What is detection? –What is discrimination? –What is scaling? –What is identification?  Scaling –Indirect Scaling –Magnatude Estimation –Cross Modality Matching  What are the methods of psychophysics? –Method of Constant Stimuli –Method of Limits –Staircase Method –Signal Detection Theory  Weber’s Law

Vision  Cones –Colour vision –Acuity –Fovea  Rods –Night vision –Periphery  The Eye –Cornea –Lens –Retina –Blind spot  Lateral Inhibition  Focusing the Eye –Accommodation –Near vs. Far-sighted  Receptive Fields  Visual Pathway –Tectopulvinar –Geniculostriate  Visual Cortex Areas –V1-V5

Colour Vision  When do we see white?  What is the Trichromatic Theory?  What is the Opponent-Process Theory?  What are the different forms of color blindness? –Which is most common?  What is additive colour mixing? –Primaries?  What is subtractive colour mixing? –Primaries?

Hearing  The frequency of a sound wave corresponds to what perceptual quality of sound?  What is timbre?  What is another name for the eardrum?  What are those bones in the middle ear called?  How does the auditory system code pitch?  How do we locate sound?  How do the different neurons respond? –Onset, Pauser, Chopper, Primary-like, Offset  What are the auditory pathways?  Describe the auditory cortex

Speech  Pronouncing vowels vs. consonants  Define phonology, semantics, and syntax  What do you know about formants?  What is categorical perception?  The McGurk Effect  Phonemic Restoration Effect  Pauses  Speech Errors  Aphasia –Broca’s; Wernicke’s

Touch, Taste, & Smell  Touch –4 Receptor Types Adapting & Receptive Fields –Somatosensory Cortex Representation –Pain –Touch Acuity –Haptics  Taste –4 Papillae –Supertasters –Identifying tastes Effects of smell  Smell –Olfactory bulb Cilia –Identification vs. Discrimination –Pheromones McClintock Effect –Memory

Depth  Oculomotor –Accommodation –Convergence  Pictorial Cues –Interposition –Relative Size –Familiar Size –Atmospheric Haze –Linear Perspective –Texture Gradient –Shading  Motion Based Cues –Motion Parallax –Biological Motion –Kinetic Depth Effect  Binocular Cues –Retinal Disparity Crossed & Uncrossed Diplopia Horopter

Perceiving Form  Form defined by texture  Pop-out effects  Perceiving form –Change –Top down vs. bottom up processing –Figure-Ground  Theories –Template Theories –Feature Theories Pandemonium Model  Gestalt Principles –Proximity –Similarity –Good Continuation –Symmetry –Closure –Subjective Contours

Perceiving Objects  Attention –Change Blindness –Cued Paradigm  Theories –Recognition by Components –View-Based Recognition  Is face perception special? –Prosopagnosia –Greebles

Learning & Experience  Development of the visual system –Acuity, contrast sensitivity, colour perception  Methodologies –Fixating & Scanning, Reflexes, Preferential Looking, Habituation, Forced-Choice Preferential Looking  Development of –Form, Motion, & Depth Perception –Monocular & Binocular Cues  Experiences –Strabismus –Astigmatism –Monocular Deprivation  Critical Periods  Restored Vision –SB

Study Hard! & Good Luck!! No Class Wednesday