1 Dr. Sims; Visit toJapan New Brown Coal Utilization Technology Using Heat and Shear Stress KEM Corporation

2 ・ Dissociation of crystallized water of van der Waals adsorption with coal structure （ Dissociation of van der Waals force by heating or by strong shear stress for coal structure.) ・ Exhaust of infiltration water in micro pore and crack (Destruction of micro pore and crack of coal structure by strong shear stress.) ・ CWS is first product. Therefore, it is possible to use it as a gasification raw material. Brown Coal Processing Method of KEM Conventional Brown Coal Processing Method ・ Dehydration by using high pressure hot water. ⇒ Low dehydration rate ・ Dryness that uses high temperature combustion exhaust gas ・ It returns to the origin coal when water is put in a dry brown coal.

3 Process flow diagram for effective use on brown coal

4 Processing of CWM from Raw Brawn Coal from Raw Brawn Coal wt.% (as received) wt.% (dry basis) Moist.AshCHONS Indonesian (ID) Coal Loy Yang (LY) Coal

5 Processing of CWM from Indonesian Brown Coal from Indonesian Brown Coal (Raw Material) (Raw Material) mm0.5 mm under

6 Appearance of Material 〔 Pulverized Indonesian brown coal (Φ0.5mm under) 〕 State of Start State of End

7 Appearance after heat and shear stress are given Appearance after heat and shear stress are given (Reaction condition : 170 ℃， 5hr ， Shear Stress: ～ 0.01 MPa Pressure 10kg/cm2 ) Viscosity: 570 mPa ・ s

8 Slurry of Indonesian Blown Coal (48.6% Moisture)

9 Processing of CWM from Loy Yong Brown Coal from Loy Yong Brown Coal (Raw Material) (Raw Material)

10 Appearance of Start Material 〔 Pulverized Loy Yong brown coal (Φ0.5mm under) 〕

11 Appearance after heat and shear stress (Reaction condition : 170 ℃， 5hr ， Shear Stress: ～ 0.01 MPa, Pressure 10kg/cm 2 ) Viscosity: 3 ８ 0 mPa ・ s

12 Axis Torque and Shear Stress of Kneader

13 Viscosity of Loy Yong CWM and Processing Time at 170 ℃ Pressure 10kg/cm 2

14 Viscosity of Loy Yong CWM and Processing Temperature( ℃ )

15 Photo. 1(a) High shear stress, high temperature, and high-pressure Kneader Figure 1 High shear stress, high temperature, and high-pressure Kneader concept chart New dehydration slurry manufacturing experiment of brown coal (20 liters: 5.5KW motor) 1. Steam/gas vent 6. Thermocouple/Presser transmission line gage 2. Presser gage 7. Pressure transmission line 3. Thermocouple 8. Motor 4. Sample turning on entrance 9. Sample outlet 5. Stir axis

16 Relation between Shear Stress and Processing Time (Loy Yong Brown Coal : Processing Temp. 170 ℃） Pressure 10kg/cm 2

17 Slurry production of Loy Yong brown coal with high shear stress, normal temperature, and normal pressure Kneader ― Four hours in the processing time ― Moisture 56% and viscosities １３５ mPa ・ｓ

18 Combustion test of Loy Yong brown coal slurry (at the Tokai Pulp Co. Ltd. Shimada factory. ) During 2.5 hours in the continuous combustion time Situation of exhaust emission

19 Schematic diagram of CWM pre-heating pilot plant.

20 Slurry preheating atomization combustion unit (3t/day) Photograph slurry preheating atomization unit (in Maebashi center)

21 Atomization of steam and Loy Yong coal particles

22 Gasification of Indonesian Brown Coal CWM Water Content and Oxygen Supply

23 Gasification of Indonesian Brown Coal CWM Water Content and Cold Gas Efficiency

24 Prediction of Economic Effect of Preheating

25 Summary ○ CWM of the water content equal with CWM of the bituminous coal can be made by using the water included in the brown coal when Kneader of the KEM Co. is used. ○ Thermal efficiency improves greatly if the CWM preheating atomization unit produced based on the KEM patent is used for the combustion or gasification of the brown coal CWM. ○ The brown coal from which use has been limited by combining high shear stress Kneader with the CWM preheating atomization unit can be used by the same price as the bituminous coal.