JOURNAL Can oil and natural gas be classified as minerals? Justify your answer with information from your notes.

Rocks, Rocks, and more Rocks!!!!

What is a rock? A solid mixture of crystals of one or more minerals.

What’s so great about rocks? Used to make tools & weapons –Spears & arrow heads –Obsidian scalpels used in delicate operations Used to make structures (new & old) Some contain fossils which help scientists learn about the past.

A. The Rock Cycle The process by which one rock type changes into another. The rock cycle takes millions of years.

3 processes that change one rock type to another. 1.Weathering & Erosion 2.Heat & Pressure 3.Melting & Cooling

3 Types of Rocks 1.Igneous Rock-formed by melting and cooling 2.Sedimentary Rock-formed by weathering and erosion 3.Metamorphic Rock-formed by heat and pressure  Rocks are classified based on how they were formed

B. Igneous Rock 1.Igneous is Latin for “fire” 2.Igneous rock forms from cooling lava and magma. a.Lava is molten rock that flows on the Earth’s surface b.Magma is molten rock found below the Earth’s surface 3.Igneous rocks make up most of the rocks on Earth used for building materials because they are very hard and last a long time

Examples of Igneous Rocks Obsidian Granite Rhyolite Gabrro Pumice

C. Sedimentary Rock 1.Sediments = rock fragments caused by erosion which is the breakdown of rock by wind, water, ice or gravity (agents of erosion) and weathering a.Most are formed underwater b.Texture is uneven. Why do you think this happens? 2.Most fossils are found here. Fossils would burn up in other rock processes but sedimentary rocks preserve once-living remains 70% of all rocks on Earth

D. Metamorphic Rock –Meta means “changed” –Morphos means “shape” The structure, texture, or composition of the rock has changed by pressure, heat, or the combination of both.