ICT 1 Self-Adaptation for Everyday Systems Svein Hallsteinsen, Erlend Stav, Jacqueline Floch SINTEF ICT Norway

ICT 2 Mobile use means changing context When people are moving around using handheld networked devices, the operating environment for the provided services vary The user activity and location change, influencing user needs The capabilities of computers and networks change, influencing the service quality properties Applications depend upon system resources to satisfy user needs When resources and needs vary, static applications fail to satisfy user needs most of the time Changing context requires adaptive applications! noise position light user context affect operation mobile user preferred quality influence user’s needs provided quality application network QoS shared devices battery system context mismatch!

ICT 3 Focus Aspects of self-management we do address Main: software architecture, mobile computing, algorithms for system adaptation, adaptive components Aspects we do not address Prog. language support, AI techniques, autonomic computing, assurance Targeted application types and properties Mobile computing used in a changing environment Everyday systems, for which non-perfect adaptation is acceptable Cost effective development Technical contributions Overall architecture for model based adaptation middleware, combining a system family approach with context awareness and runtime adaptation Uniform modelling of quality and context properties of components and composites

ICT 4 selects application variant architecture model components nodes noise position light user context affect operation adapts monitors adaptation middleware mobile user preferred quality influence user’s needs provided quality adaptable application network QoS shared devices battery system context monitors describes relation Overall approach to adaptive applications

ICT 5 Overall architecture FAMOUS middleware FAMOUS component platform Distributed computing environment Application instance Application framework Architecture model Component repository Meta model Component instances FAMOUS adaptation middleware Context monitor Adaptation manager ConfiguratorPlanner Resource manager 1. change event2. plan 3. consult 4. plans5. configure 6. change 7. change

ICT 6 Architecture model Application Medium client Self reliant client UI App. logicDB Db proxy UI (hands- free) UI (normal) DB proxy DbApp logic or and or Component repository Db UI App logic n o Client sideServer side n o n Medium client variant o o Db UI App logic o Db proxy n n Server side o n o Client side Self-reliant client variant n o o

ICT 7 Property annotation of variants NameValue rangeExplanation avy1:100Availability of the service provided by the application rsp1:100Response time mem1:100Amount of memory nbw1:100Bandwidth of network connection nsb1:100Stability of network connection hafyes, noHand free operation mem=10 Db o c n Hand free UI Normal UI o n c o c haf=yes n haf=no mem=30mem=10 App logic o c n avy = if n.nsb>80 then 100 else 100*(1-(80-n.nsb)/80) rsp = if n.nbw>80 then 10 else *(80-n.nbw)/80) haf = UI.o.haf Db UI App logic n o Client sideServer side n mem = UI.n.mem+Applogic.n.mem nbw =? nsb =? o n Medium client variant o o

ICT 8 Utility function utility = if n.mem > exe.o.mem then 0 else ( ( (if usr.n.avy <= app.o.avy then 1 else 1- (usr.n.avy-app.o.avy)/usr.n.avy) + (if usr.n.rsp >= app.o.rsp then 1 else 1- (app.o.rsp-usr.n.rsp)/app.o.rsp) + (If ((usr.n.haf and app.o.haf) or (!usr.n.haf and !app.o.haf) then 1 else 0 ) ) / 3 ) app c o n n exe o usr Selection of variant is based on a utility function User preferences are to decide weight each properties

ICT 9 Remaining questions How accurate do we need to model to achieve useful adaptations for everyday systems? Non-exact models acceptable as long as benefit are provided to the user Is exhaustive search for best variant too expensive? Resource constrained devices Depends on number of variation points in application framework Current approach focused on structural adaptations of components and connections within an application How to extend the approach to multiple applications? How to support other kinds of adaptation (e.g. adjustment of parameters with continuous range in components)?

ICT 10 Organization and projects SINTEF Largest independent research organisation in Scandinavia with about 1700 employees FAMOUS project ( ) Strategic research project at SINTEF, funded by the Research Council of Norway Includes a PhD work on context awareness For more info: MADAM project ( ) EU-funded research project with industrial and university partners Additional topics Modelling tool support Network level middleware Industrial pilot applications and experiments