End Show Slide 1 of 23 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Introduction to the Human Body

End Show Slide 2 of 23 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Basic Organization Cells  Tissue  Organs  Systems  Organisms.

End Show Slide 3 of 23 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Cells Cells are the building blocks of multicellular animals.

End Show Slide 4 of 23 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Tissue Tissues are groups of similar cells. 4 Types: Epithelial Connective Muscle Nervous

End Show Slide 5 of 23 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Epithelial Tissue Cover the inner and outer body surfaces Some produce secretions – mucus and digestive enzymes

End Show Slide 6 of 23 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Connective Tissue Connect other tissues to each other Solid – bone, cartilage, tendons, ligaments Fluid – blood and lymph

End Show Slide 7 of 23 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Muscle Tissue Contract and shorten to create movement

End Show Slide 8 of 23 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Nerve Tissue Send messages Brain, spinal cord, nerves, and sense organs.

End Show Slide 9 of 23 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Organs Groups of different types of tissues specialized to carry out a particular function. Ex. Heart – pumps blood

End Show Slide 10 of 23 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Organ Systems Group of organs having related functions. Ex. – Circulatory System – heart, arteries, veins, blood, capillaries

End Show Slide 11 of 23 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 36–3 The Integumentary System

End Show 36–3 The Integumentary System Slide 12 of 23 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall The Integumentary System The skin, hair, nails, and a variety of glands make up the integumentary system. The skin is the largest organ in the body.

End Show 36–3 The Integumentary System Slide 13 of 23 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall The Integumentary System Functions of skin: a barrier against infection and injury. regulates body temperature. removes wastes. protection against ultraviolet light.

End Show 36–3 The Integumentary System Slide 14 of 23 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall The Skin The skin is made up of two main layers—the epidermis and the dermis. Beneath the dermis is a layer of fat that insulates the body.

End Show 36–3 The Integumentary System Slide 15 of 23 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall The Skin Structures of the Skin Epidermis Dermis Hypodermis Hair follicle Sweat pore Nerves Muscle Sweat gland Fat Sebaceous gland Hair Blood vessels

End Show 36–3 The Integumentary System Slide 16 of 23 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall The Skin Epidermis (outer layer) The epidermis has two parts: The outer layer is dead cells. The inner layer is living cells.

End Show 36–3 The Integumentary System Slide 17 of 23 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall The Skin Older cells make keratin, a tough protein that forms a waterproof covering on the skin’s surface. The epidermis also produces melanin, a dark brown pigment that protects the skin from sun damage.

End Show 36–3 The Integumentary System Slide 18 of 23 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall The Skin Dermis (inner layer) The dermis contains collagen fibers, blood vessels, nerve endings, glands, sensory receptors, smooth muscles, and hair follicles.

End Show 36–3 The Integumentary System Slide 19 of 23 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall The Skin The dermis contains two major types of glands: sweat glands – removes wastes & cools body sebaceous, or oil, glands – lubricates skin

End Show 36–3 The Integumentary System Slide 20 of 23 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Hair and Nails Hair Hair covers most body surfaces: protects the scalp from ultraviolet light provides insulation from the cold. prevents dirt particles from entering the body. Composed of dead cells with keratin in them.

End Show 36–3 The Integumentary System Slide 21 of 23 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Hair and Nails Nails Nails grow from cells dividing in the nail root. Nail cells fill with keratin and produce a platelike nail that covers and protects the fingertips and toes.

End Show Slide 22 of 23 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 36–3 Keratin provides a.insulation. b.a waterproof covering. c.pigmentation. d.protection from UV radiation.

End Show Slide 23 of 23 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 36–3 The dermis contains two types of glands: sweat glands and a.sebaceous glands. b.pigment glands. c.hair follicles. d.dermal glands.

End Show Slide 24 of 23 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 36–3 All of the following are found in the dermis EXCEPT a.nerve endings. b.blood vessels. c.sebaceous glands. d.melanocytes.

End Show Slide 25 of 23 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 36–3 The function of melanin is to a.help control the rate of heat loss by the skin. b.produce sweat. c.produce a waterproof covering on the surface of the skin. d.absorb harmful UV radiation.

End Show Slide 26 of 23 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 36–3 The basic structure of human hair and nails is a.melanin. b.sebum. c.keratin. d.dermal cells.