Imperialism

Methods of Management Indirect Control Nigeria, India Local government officials used Limited self-rule Goal: develop future leaders Govt’ based on European standards Nigeria, India

Direct Control Foreign officials brought to rule No self-rule Goal: assimilation Govt based only on European styles.

Assimilation Adopt culture and become like conquering nation.

Paternalism Africans unable to handle the complex business of running country. Provide for needs No rights

Forms of Imperialism

Colony Governed internally by a foreign power Somaliland; French colony

Protectorate Own internal govt. Under control of outside power Niger River Delta; British

Sphere of Influence An area where an outside power claims exclusive investment or trading privileges Liberia; United States

Economic Imperialism Less-developed nation controlled by private business. Dole Fruit Company; Hawaii/U.S.A

Example of Early European Imperialism & Conflict

Africans, Dutch & British Three Groups Clash Africans, Dutch & British

Zulus 1816 Shaka—Chief of the Zulu people. Large centralized state Highly disciplined warriors Kept off the British 1887 Zulu Nation fell to British

Boers South Africa Fought with British over Moved North---”Great Trek” Dutch Settlers “Boers” Farmers Afrikaners (White South Africans) Fought with British over Land Slaves Moved North---”Great Trek”

Boer War Diamonds & Gold Keep outsiders out. First “Total War” 14,000 Black Africans died in camps. British won: 1910 Union of South Africa.

Resistance Ethiopia Menelik II—1889 Leader of Ethiopia that led resistance Large arsenal of weapons Played nations against one another

Legacy of Colonial Rule

Positive Reduced local warfare Sanitation improved Hospitals Schools Economic Expansion

Negative Lost Control of land Diseases Thousands die Breakdown of culture Division of continent