1 DETECTION OF COPPER IN THE SYNTHETIC WASTEWATER BY USING PYRAZOLIDINE LUMINOL (PL) Syarifah Hikmah Julinda a, Preeda Parkpian a and Srung Smanmoo b a School of Environment, Resources and Development, Asian Institute of Technology, 58, Moo 9, km.42, Phaholyothin Highway, Klong Luang, Pathumthani Thailand b Bioresources Research Unit, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phaholyothin Road, Klong 1, Klong Luang, Pathumthani Thailand Presented By Syarifah Hikmah Julinda, S.Pi, M.Sc

2 Contents  Background of study  Research objective  Methodology  Results and discussions  Conclusions

3 MediaLevels/standard Seawater<1 µg/ l (Ellingsen et al., 2007) Lake & river1-10 µg/ l (Ellingsen et al., 2007) Drinking water/tap water< 1300 µg/ l (US EPA, 1993) Industrial Effluent< 2 mg/l (PCD, 2008) Environmental levels of Copper Composition of copper releases to water bodies (United States Department of Agriculture, 1998) Background Copper is an essential trace elements but also an environmental pollutant

4 Measurement Spectrophotometer Sample PreparationMethodDetection Limit Reference Acidify with 1:1 HNO 3 to pH < 2 AAS20 µg/litreUS EPA (1986) Filter and acidity sampleICP2-10 µg/litreUS EPA (1986) Filter and acidity sampleICP-AES6 µg/litreATSDR (1990) Sample solutions should contain 0.5 % HNO 3 GF-AAS1 µg/litreUS EPA (1986) Acid digestion with HNO 3, reflux ICP-MS0.01 µg/litreUS EPA (1994) Common methods for Cu (II) ion detection require the use of sophistication and expensive instrumentation

5 A dual responsive colorimetric and fluorescent Hg2+ ion from rhodamines based sensor in aqueous media (Huang et al., 2008) Chemosensor Upon binding metals:  A fluorescent chemosensor induces fluorescent change  A colorimetric chemosensor exhibits color change. This is challenging technique since the detection of Cu (II) ion can be achieved by naked eye MethodDetection Limit Reference Rhodamine B hydroxylamine as fluorescent chemosensor Cu(II) ion 20 µg/litreChen et al (2009) Terpyridine as colorimetric chemosensor Hg(II) ion 2 µg/litreShunmugam (2008) Successful chemosensor for detection metals

6 Pyrazolidine Luminol (PL) Cu(II) ion Pyrazolidine Luminol  PL is defined as a colorimetric chemosensor for Cu(II) ion detection. Upon binding with Cu(II) ion, PL induces a color change followed by appearing peak of absorbance around 425 nm. (Nasomphan et al., 2009)

7  Developing a PL sensor as a colorimetric chemosensor for the detection of Cu (II) ion  Determination of detection limit and optimum conditions of PL sensor Research objectives

8 Methodology Phase II Developing of sensor Phase I Pre research Selectivity of sensor Detection limit of sensor Optimum conditions of PL sensor : - Time response - pH Materials and Reagents Preparation Synthesis of sensor and 1 HNMR analysis PL sensor solution Naked eye UV-vis spectrophotometer

9 PL Cu2+ Ag+ Na+ Mn2+ Zn2+ Co2+ Cd2+ Hg2+ Pb2+ Fe2+ Ba2+ Al2+ Ca2+ Ni2+ Concentration of PL and metal ions were M Selectivity of PL sensor Absorbance of PL in the presence of various metal ions Results and discussions

10 Detection limit of PL sensor Naked eye : Detection limit found at 3.75 x M UV spectro : Detection limit found at 0.6 x M

11 Optimum conditions of PL sensor (Cont’) Effect of pH on UV-vis results of absorbance PL sensor (10 -3 M) at 425 nm upon addition Cu(II) ion M Time influence of UV-vis titration spectra of PL sensor (10 -3 M) upon addition Cu(II) ion M

12 Conclusions  There were changes in color of PL sensor upon addition of Cu(II) ion, followed by appearing peak of absorbance at nm (UV-Vis spectra)  Detection limit PL sensor 3.75 x M of Cu(II) ion by naked eye observation and 0.6 x M by UV-vis spectrophotometer  PL sensor give highly selectivity. In addition, PL sensor was more preferable to Cu(II) ion rather than Cu(I) ion.

13 TerimakasiH THANK YOU Terimakasih