The Age of Jackson The Age of Jackson President Andrew Jackson defined a period of American history.

Path to the Presidency Served in the army during the Revolutionary War Served in the army during the Revolutionary War Practiced law in Tennessee, became a successful land speculator, and served in a variety of government offices, including the House of Representatives and the Senate Practiced law in Tennessee, became a successful land speculator, and served in a variety of government offices, including the House of Representatives and the Senate Served in the War of 1812, nicknamed “Old Hickory” Served in the War of 1812, nicknamed “Old Hickory” Became nationally famous as the “Hero of New Orleans” Became nationally famous as the “Hero of New Orleans”

Path to the Presidency Path to the Presidency In 1824 he ran for president and won the popular vote, but not a majority of the electoral votes. In 1824 he ran for president and won the popular vote, but not a majority of the electoral votes. John Quincy Adams won the House of Representatives’ vote and became president in the “corrupt bargain” with Clay John Quincy Adams won the House of Representatives’ vote and became president in the “corrupt bargain” with Clay Jackson and his supporters remade the old Democratic-Republican Party into the Democratic Party. Jackson and his supporters remade the old Democratic-Republican Party into the Democratic Party.

Path to the Presidency Path to the Presidency Quincy Adams and his supporters became the National Republicans. Quincy Adams and his supporters became the National Republicans. Jackson was a popular war hero—“a man of the people.” Jackson was a popular war hero—“a man of the people.” Important Changes in Voting: In the 1820s voting restrictions in many states—such as the requirement for property ownership—were being lifted, allowing poor men to become voters.

Election Day See the painting --

“Jacksonian Democracy” Jackson won the support of ordinary, hardworking Americans Politicians and campaigns would increasingly attempt to appeal to all the people, not just small elites Such political power exercised by ordinary Americans became known as Jacksonian Democracy. Spoils system: rewarding supporters by giving them positions in the government.

King Mob

Vermont Voter’s Oath “You solemnly swear (or affirm) that whenever you give your vote or suffrage, touching any matter that concerns the State of Vermont, you will do it so as in your conscience you shall judge will most conduce to the best good of the same, as established by the Constitution, without fear or favor of any person” “You solemnly swear (or affirm) that whenever you give your vote or suffrage, touching any matter that concerns the State of Vermont, you will do it so as in your conscience you shall judge will most conduce to the best good of the same, as established by the Constitution, without fear or favor of any person”

The spoils system “rotation in office” of government officials and employees take government out of a small governing class At its worst, this new system amounted to rewarding party members with jobs In fact, the idea was not really new nor did it lead to much corruption

The Indian Removal Act Five major Native American groups lived in the southeastern United States: the Cherokee, Choctaw, Chickasaw, Seminole, and Creek. Five major Native American groups lived in the southeastern United States: the Cherokee, Choctaw, Chickasaw, Seminole, and Creek. White Americans called them the “five civilized tribes” because many of them had adopted aspects of European and American culture. White Americans called them the “five civilized tribes” because many of them had adopted aspects of European and American culture. Many white Americans viewed them as inferior. Many white Americans viewed them as inferior. Farmland was becoming scarce in the East, and white settlers coveted the Indians’ lands Farmland was becoming scarce in the East, and white settlers coveted the Indians’ lands

The Indian Removal Act Indian Removal Act (1830): called for the relocation of the five nations to an area west of the Mississippi River called Indian Territory, now present-day Oklahoma. The U.S. Army marched the Choctaw, the Creek, and the Chickasaw west, hundreds of miles, to Indian Territory. Many died on the long trek due to exposure, malnutrition, and disease.

The Trail of Tears Worcester v. Georgia (1832): The Supreme Court ruled against Georgia, denying it the right to take Cherokee lands. Worcester v. Georgia (1832): The Supreme Court ruled against Georgia, denying it the right to take Cherokee lands. To get around the Court’s ruling, government officials signed a treaty with Cherokee leaders who favored relocation. To get around the Court’s ruling, government officials signed a treaty with Cherokee leaders who favored relocation. The Cherokee were herded by the U.S. Army on a long and deadly march west. The Cherokee were herded by the U.S. Army on a long and deadly march west. Of the 18,000 Cherokee forced to leave their homes, about 4,500 died on the march, which became known as the Trail of Tears. Of the 18,000 Cherokee forced to leave their homes, about 4,500 died on the march, which became known as the Trail of Tears.

The Second National Bank The Second Bank of the United States accepted deposits from the US government The Second Bank of the United States accepted deposits from the US government Established in 1816 and given a 20-year charter Established in 1816 and given a 20-year charter Opponents (including Jackson) thought that the Constitution did not give Congress the authority to create the bank. Opponents (including Jackson) thought that the Constitution did not give Congress the authority to create the bank. Opponents recognized that state banks were more inclined to make loans to poorer farmers in the South and West—the very people who supported Jackson. Opponents recognized that state banks were more inclined to make loans to poorer farmers in the South and West—the very people who supported Jackson.

Jackson destroys the Second National Bank By contrast, they viewed the bank as an institution devoted to the interests of wealthy northern corporations By contrast, they viewed the bank as an institution devoted to the interests of wealthy northern corporations In 1832, Jackson vetoed the bill to extend the Bank’s charter In 1833, Jackson issued an executive order ending deposits of US funds into the bank

Election of 1832 Jackson easily defeated Clay, the National Republican candidate Jackson easily defeated Clay, the National Republican candidate The Whig Party was formed by Daniel Webster and Henry Clay as a result of the conflict over the bank – became the chief political rival to the Democratic party until the Civil War The Whig Party was formed by Daniel Webster and Henry Clay as a result of the conflict over the bank – became the chief political rival to the Democratic party until the Civil War