Bill of Rights / Amendments The Bill of Rights are the 1 st 10 Amendments to the Constitution James Madison wrote the Bill of Rights. from those written by George Mason for the state of Virginia

BILL OF RIGHTS 1st Amendment: Freedom of Speech Freedom of the Press Freedom of Religion Freedom of Assembly Freedom to Petition the government 2 nd Amendment: Right to keep and bear arms (carry guns)

BILL OF RIGHTS 3rd Amendment Freedom from having troops stationed in homes during peacetime 4 th Amendment Freedom from unreasonable searches and seizures

BILL OF RIGHTS 5 th Amendment No double jeopardy ( can not be tried twice for the same crime) Can not be a witness against yourself Can not take your property without “compensation” Can not be deprived of life, liberty, or property without due process of law

BILL OF RIGHTS 6th Amendment Right to a speedy and public trial Right to be informed of the offense (what you’re accused of) Right to know who is accusing you (the witnesses against you) Right to get witnesses to vouch for you Right to a lawyer (assistance of counsel)

BILL OF RIGHTS 7 th Amendment Right to trial by jury of your peers 8 th Amendment Right not to have excessive bail or fines Right not to have cruel or unusual punishment 9 th Amendment All rights not specifically given to the government are kept by the PEOPLE. 10 th Amendment All powers not specifically given to the government are kept by the STATES and the PEOPLE

Amendments th Amendment (1795) States can be sued in their own courts (state). This is the only amendment to limit the Judicial Branch 12 th Amendment (1804) Before this amendment, only 1 ballot was cast for both Pres & V.P. = most votes wins pres / 2 nd most wins VP Changes:  Separate ballot for Pres / VP  Results sent to President of the Senate / counts them  If no candidate gets majority  House of Rep picks Pres from top 3 vote getters.  If no candidate for VP wins majority  Senate picks VP from top 2 vote getters. 13 th Amendment (1865) Prohibits Slavery in ALL states. Still allowed “involuntary servitude” as a punishment for some crimes.

Amendments th Amendment (1868) Anyone born or naturalized in the U.S. is a CITIZEN of both U.S. & state the live. Former slaves  full citizens States CANNOT deny a person of rights guaranteed under Constitution. Stikes down 3/5’s rule  All people counted for representation. Penalties for Confederate men  cannot vote or hold state/federal office (unless 2/3 congress approves) U.S. Govt. would pay war debts. 15 th Amendment (1870) Right to vote shall not be denied because of RACE, COLOR, or PREVIOUS CONDITION OF SERVITUDE. Congress has right to enforce this article.

Amendments th Amendment (1913) Gives the national government the right to tax people’s income. 17 th Amendment(1913) Senators were now elected by the people. 18 th Amendment (1919) Prohibits the manufacturing, sale and transportation of alcoholic beverages Soon proved to be unenforceable. 19 th Amendment (1920) Women get the right to vote!!

Amendments th Amendment (1933) “Lame Duck Amendment” – shortened time between election day and beginning of a new term Got rid of long delay between election and inauguration (Nov. – March) Pres / VP term ends January 20 / Congress begins January 3 21 th Amendment(1933) Repeal of Prohibition (Amendment 18) 22 th Amendment (1951) Limits number of terms a president can be elected at 2 or a total of 10 years. 23 th Amendment (1963) Residents of Washington D.C. get the right to vote for Pres / VP

Amendments th Amendment (1964) Abolishes Poll Tax - These were used to discourage poor & African Americans from voting. 25 th Amendment(1967) Presidential Disability & Succession If president declares in writing OR a majority of cabinet declares he is unfit for duty  Vice President becomes acting President. It also provides for if the president has recovered and returns. 26 th Amendment (1971) Established minimum voting age at 18 years old. 27 th Amendment (1992) Restraint on Congressional Salaries – any raises approved by Congress for itself, cannot take affect until the next session of Congress.