7 The Presidency

Video: The Big Picture RED_MEDIA_1/polisci/presidency/Oconner_Ch07 _The_Presidency_Seg1_v2.html 7

7 Identify and describe the constitutional powers of the president Trace the development of the presidency and the provisions for choosing and replacing presidents Learning Objectives

Outline the structure of the presidential establishment and the functions of each of its components Evaluate the development and expansion of presidential power Learning Objectives 7

Assess the president’s role as policy maker Explain the concept of presidential leadership, and analyze the importance of public opinion Learning Objectives 7

Video: The Basics HARED_MEDIA_1/polisci/presidency/Seg2_Th e_Presidency_v2.html 7

Roots of the Office of President of the United States  Presidential Qualifications and Terms of Office  Rules of Succession 7.1

Presidential Qualifications and Terms of Office  Fear of executive power  Twenty-Second Amendment  Impeachment  Executive privilege 7.1

Video: In Context HARED_MEDIA_1/polisci/presidency/Seg3_Pre sidency_v2.html 7.1

Who has served as president of the United States? 7.1

Table

Rules of Succession  Twenty-Fifth Amendment Addresses vacancies in offices of president and vice president 7.1

TABLE 7.2: What is the presidential line of succession? 7.1

7.1 What is not a qualification to become president? a.Be at least 35 years old b.Be a natural-born citizen c.Hold public office for at least 2 years d.Be a resident of the country for at least 14 years 7.1

7.1 What is not a qualification to become president? 7.1 a.Be at least 35 years old b.Be a natural-born citizen c.Hold public office for at least 2 years d.Be a resident of the country for at least 14 years

Constitutional Powers of the President  Appointment Power  Power to Convene Congress  Power to Make Treaties  Veto Power  Power to Preside over the Military as Commander in Chief  Pardoning Power 7.2

Appointment Power  Ambassadors  Judges  Cabinet 7.2

Bush and Rumsfeld 7.2

Power to Convene Congress  Used on extraordinary occasions e.g., Treaty ratification  State of the Union 7.2

Power to Make Treaties  Treaties require Senate approval  Fast track trade agreements  Executive agreements  Receive ambassadors 7.2

Veto Power  “Qualified negative” Can be overruled by Congress  Line-item veto 7.2

TABLE 7.3: Presidential vetoes 7.2

Power to Preside over the Military as Commander in Chief  Most important executive power  War Powers Resolution (1973 ) Controversy over Vietnam War Presidents must now seek prior approval to use force 7.2

Pardoning Power  Check on judicial branch  Can be issued before or after conviction  Cannot be used for impeachment  Ford pardons Nixon 7.2

a.veto power b.pardons c.executive agreements d.treaties What is a check of the president on actions of Congress?

What is a check of the president on actions of Congress? a.veto power b.pardons c.executive agreements d.treaties

Explore the Simulation: You Are a First-Term President man_media_1/2013_mpsl_sim/simulation.ht ml?simulaURL=8 7.2

Development and Expansion of Presidential Power  Establishing Presidential Authority: First Presidents  Incremental Expansion of Presidential Powers:  Creating the Modern Presidency 7.3

Establishing Presidential Authority: First Presidents  Challenges to accomplishing goals  George Washington Inherent powers  Thomas Jefferson 7.3

TABLE 7. 4: Who were the best U.S. presidents? 7.3

Incremental Expansion of Presidential Powers:  Andrew Jackson Democratization of the presidency  Abraham Lincoln Extraordinary war powers 7.3

How did Abraham Lincoln expand presidential power? 7.3

Creating the Modern Presidency  Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR) Great Depression New Deal World War II 7.3

a.mandates b.inherent powers c.enumerated powers d.articles 7.3 Presidents have used ____ of the Constitution to expand the presidency. 7.3

7.3 Presidents have used ____ of the Constitution to expand the presidency. 7.3 a.mandates b.inherent powers c.enumerated powers d.articles

Presidential Establishment  Vice President  Cabinet  First Lady  Executive Office of the President (EOP)  White House Staff 7.4

Vice President  Balancing the ticket  Increasing role in modern presidency 7.4

Cabinet  Traditional, not mandated  Heads of federal agencies and executive departments Agriculture Commerce Labor Education 7.4

First Lady  Informal advisers  Abigail Adams  Edith Wilson  Eleanor Roosevelt  Michelle Obama 7.4

What do first ladies do? 7.4

Executive Office of the President (EOP)  National Security Council (NSC)  Council of Economic Advisers (CEA)  Office of Management and Budget (OMB)  Office of the Vice President  Office of the U.S. Trade Representative  Economic Recovery Advisory Board  “Czars” 7.4

White House Staff  Personal assistants  Senior aides  Chosen for loyalty  Chief of staff 7.4

a.National Security Council b.Office of Management and Budget c.Council of Economic Advisors d.all of the above The Executive Office of the President includes

The Executive Office of the President includes a.National Security Council b.Office of Management and Budget c.Council of Economic Advisors d.all of the above

Presidential Leadership and the Importance of Public Opinion  Presidential Leadership and Personality  Going Public  President and Public Opinion 7.5

Presidential Leadership and Personality  What makes a president great?  Leadership style Powers of persuasion  Lincoln and FDR 7.5

Going Public  Roosevelt’s bully pulpit  Technology makes communication easier Radio, TV, Internet, Twitter 7.5

Video: Thinking Like a Political Scientist SHARED_MEDIA_1/polisci/presidency/Seg4_ Presidency_v2.html 7.5

What role do presidential speeches serve? 7.5

President and Public Opinion  Approval ratings How important are they? What do they signify? Decline as term progresses 7.5

FIGURE 7.1: How do approval ratings vary over time? 7.5

a.also increase b.generally go down c.remain stable d.decrease but rise as his term ends As a president’s time in office increases, his approval ratings

As a president’s time in office increases, his approval ratings a.also increase b.generally go down c.remain stable d.decrease but rise as his term ends

Explore the Presidency: What Influences a President's Public Approval? _oconnor_mpslag_12/pex/pex7.html 7.5

Toward Reform: President as Policy Maker  President’s Role in Proposing and Facilitating Legislation  Budgetary Process and Legislative Implementation  Policymaking Through Executive Order 7.6

President’s Role in Proposing and Facilitating Legislation  Shepherd legislation through Congress  Propose legislation early in term  Role of party loyalty 7.6

Budgetary Process and Legislative Implementation  Role of OMB Prepare president’s budget for Congress Examine financial implications of policies Scrutinize agency budgets 7.6

How important is a balanced budget? 7.6

Policy Making Through Executive Order  Executive orders  Signing statements 7.6

Video: In the Real World ARED_MEDIA_1/polisci/presidency/Seg5_The_ Presidency_v2.html 7.6

a.executive order b.policy proposal c.signing statement d.pocket veto A president can express disagreement with legislation by issuing a(n)

A president can express disagreement with legislation by issuing a(n) a.executive order b.policy proposal c.signing statement d.pocket veto

Discussion Question How do presidents use the “power to persuade” to implement their agenda? In what way is this power considered to be their most important? 7

Video: So What? ARED_MEDIA_1/polisci/presidency/Oconner_C h07_The_Presidency_Seg6_v2.html 7

Further Review: On MyPoliSciLab  Listen to the Chapter  Study and Review the Flashcards  Study and Review the Practice Tests 7