Warm Up 1.Write a detailed procedure on how to make a peanut butter and jelly sandwich. The following materials are available to you to make your sandwich: Peanut Butter Jelly Bread Knife

Review 2

A zoologist questioned the ability of baby cubs raised in a zoo to survive in a wild environment. She believed the cubs raised in captivity had lost their fear of predators. To test her idea, she placed 15 captivated young cubs and 15 wild young cubs of the same age into separate but identical cages. She then placed a clear piece of Plexiglas in each cage. In each cage, she placed the cub on one side of the Plexiglas and a large predator, a mountain lion, on the other side of the Plexiglas. She then recorded the amount of time it took the young cub to move to the back of the cage and away from the mountain lion. She found that the captivated cubs from the zoo were much slower in moving away. This led her to believe the caged cubs have less fear of predators than do wild cubs. Answer the following questions: 1.What is the problem or question? 2.What is an appropriate hypothesis for this experiment? 3.What is the independent variable? 4.What is the dependent variable? 5.What is the experimental group? 6.What is the control group? 3

Try Again 1.Write a detailed procedure on how to make a peanut butter and jelly sandwich. The following materials are available to you to make your sandwich: Peanut Butter Jelly Bread Knife

Follow up Question Why is it important to write an accurate and detailed procedure? 5

SCENARIO Today, we are going to conduct a scientific investigation. We will use the SCIENTIFIC METHOD!

SCIENTIFIC METHOD These are the first few steps of what we called the SCIENTIFIC METHOD. Every time a scientist explores the world, they follow these six steps: 1.Ask a question! 2.Make a hypothesis. 3.Research your hypothesis. 4.Design an experiment. 5.Analyze your experiment. 6.Reach a conclusion.

STEP 1 | ASK A QUSTION Question: How will different types of music affect your heart rate?

STEP 2 | DEVELOP A TESTABLE HYPOTHESIS THAT ANSWERS THE QUSTION Research : What is your opinion of rap music? How does rap music make you feel? What is your opinion of rock n roll music? How does rock n roll music make you feel? What is your opinion of classical music? How does classical music make you feel?

STEP 3 | DEVELOP A TESTABLE HYPOTHESIS THAT ANSWERS THE QUSTION Research : I think that rap music will _________________my heart rate I think that rock n roll music will ____________my heart rate. I think that classical music will _____________my heart rate. Now, choose a type of music and form an hypothesis using “if” and “then”

STEP 4 | DESIGN AND CONDUCT AN EXPERIMENT Materials:++ +

STEP 4 | DESIGN AND CONDUCT AN EXPERIMENT Procedures: Find your pulse on your neck Every time you feel a thump = 1

Procedures: Count your resting heart rate for 30 seconds and then record it in the table. Repeat. Listen to Rap music for 1 minute Count your heart rate for 30 seconds and then record it in the table. Repeat Listen to rock n roll music for 1 minute Count your heart rate for 30 seconds and then record it in the table. Repeat Listen to classical music for 1 minute Count your heart rate for 30 seconds and then record it in the table. Repeat

Resting Heart Rate (Trial 2)AverageHeart Rate (Trial 1) After Rap Music After Classical Music After Rock n Roll Music STEP 5 | ANALYZE DATA Average = (Trial 1 + Trial 2) / 2 Why do you think it is important to do two trials?

RAP 15 ROCK N ROLL CLASSICAL

STEP 6 | REACH A CONCLUSION A conclusion is similar to an inference. We must use our data to decide what happened. Ex: You have an I-pod. One day you turn your I-pod on, but it doesn’t work. You think the I-pod is dead, so you charge it. But your I-pod still will not work! You replace the headphones, and now your I-pod works. You can conclude that the headphones are broken.

STEP 6 | REACH A CONCLUSION In science, drawing a conclusion means summing up what you have learned in your experiment. Ex: Czar hypothesized if the day is sunny, then the hottest time of day will be about 3 o’clock in the afternoon.

STEP 6 | REACH A CONCLUSION Czar conducted an experiment, and got the following data. 10 am11 am 12 pm 1 pm2 pm3 pm4 pm5 pm Temperature When was the hottest part of the day? What can Czar conclude? On sunny days in July, the warmest temperatures occur about 3 pm. Was Czar’s hypothesis supported or rejected?

STEP 6 | REACH A CONCLUSION How did rock and roll music affect your heart rate? How did rap music affect your heart rate? How did R & B affect your heart rate? Does this conclusion support or reject your hypothesis?

STEP 6 | REACH A CONCLUSION Was your hypothesis confirmed? What data supported your conclusion? What errors did you make during the lab? What are your plans for future experiments that answer the same question? What would you do differently? Why is it important to communicate your findings clearly in a good conclusion?