HISTORY of CHINA

Dynasties Zhou Qin (Shi Huangdi) Han ** Tang & Song Yuan (Mongols) Ming Qing (Manchus) Shi Huandi (First Emperor)

Dynastic Cycle New Dynasty claims Mandate of Heaven

Dynastic Cycle Mandate of Heaven New Dynasty claims Mandate of Heaven GOOD TIMESPROBLEMS AGING DYNASTY

Dynastic Cycle Mandate of Heaven New Dynasty claims Mandate of Heaven GOOD TIMES Fair laws land to peasants Repair of defenses Economy Strong PROBLEMS AGING DYNASTY

Dynastic Cycle Mandate of Heaven New Dynasty claims Mandate of Heaven GOOD TIMES Fair laws land to peasants Repair of defenses Economy Strong PROBLEMS AGING DYNASTY Public works projects ignored Wars with foreigners lost Taxes increase – burden falls on poor Defensive walls in state of disrepair

Dynastic Cycle Mandate of Heaven New Dynasty claims Mandate of Heaven GOOD TIMES Fair laws land to peasants Repair of defenses Economy Strong PROBLEMS Floods & natural disasters Foreign invasions Peasants suffering increases Armed bandits roam land Peasants rebel AGING DYNASTY Public works projects ignored Wars with foreigners lost Taxes increase – burden falls on poor Defensive walls in state of disrepair

Dynasties Zhou Qin (Shi Huangdi) Han ** Tang & Song Yuan (Mongols) Ming Qing (Manchus) Shi Huandi (First Emperor)

Shang Dynasty Name one development of the Shang (p. 328)

Zhou Dynasty (“joe”) 1.What is the “cycle” called, developed by the Zhou? 2.What are the three schools of thought (purple lettering p ) and the Religion adopted (p. 332) during this era?

Buddhism Four Noble Truths –Life is suffering –Suffering caused by craving worldly pleasures –Suffering ends when craving ends (Enlightenment) –Reach Enlightenment by following the Buddha. From India No beginning, no end Acceptance of everything No worldly desires

What most frustrates you?

What would you most like to have, something you don’t already have?

If you could refuse to desire more… If you could not get frustrated YOU JUST REACHED NIRVANA

Describe Nirvana (Buddhist heaven)

3 Philosophies of China Purpose: create order in society They are NOT religions There are NO gods There is NO sacred book There is NO discussion of an after-life

3 Philosophies of China Confucianism –Life is focused on RESPECT FOR OTHERS Taoism (Daoism) –Life is focused on HARMONY WITH NATURE Legalism –Life is full of STRICT RULES & OBEDIENCE

Confucianism Creates order in society Five Key Relationships –Father to son –Husband to wife –Ruler to followers –Brother to brother –Friend to friend Respect for ruler Care for follower Filial piety (Complete obedience to parents) Education, Honesty, Hard Work K’ung Futse

Describe a Confucius relationship

Taoism Tao = “the way” Harmony with Nature Balanced life Lao-Tse Yin & Yang

Describe a Taoist parent

Legalism Strict Rules Harsh Punishments Developed for Qin (Shi Huang di) Shang Yang

Describe a Legalistic teacher

Buddhism in Japan Not the same as in China Called ZEN BUDDHISM (in China, it was “Ch’en”) JAPANESE ZEN BUDDHIST TRADTIONS: Tea Ceremony Tea House

Tea Ceremony Ritualized Run by Tea Master Matcha Tea (frothy) Meditation – no talking Lots of Bowing

Tea House On your knees Simple decorations, quiet Meditation

Describe Zen Buddhism