Cladograms Show phylogeny or EVOLUTIONARY Raccoons Lesser pandas Giant pandas Bears Common Ancestor Cladograms are sometimes called branching diagrams Show phylogeny or EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY. Also called phylogenetic tree

Three purposes: -show common ancestors -show shared features -show how closely one organism is related to another

The four descendents at the top of the tree are DIFFERENT species The four descendents at the top of the tree are DIFFERENT species. This is called SPECIATION Cladograms Sharks Frogs Kangaroos Humans Placenta Mammary glands Four Limbs Vertebrae This diagram shows a relationship between 4 relatives. These relatives share a common ancestor at the root of the tree. Common Ancestor Note that this diagram is also a timeline. The older organism is at the bottom of the tree.

- Cladograms 1 2 3 4 Shark Frog Kangaroo Human Characteristics Vertebrae Four Limbs Mammary glands Placenta Shark YES NO Frog Kangaroo Human 1 2 3 4

After which animal did mammary glands develop? Analysis of cladogram Glue/tape cladogram into lab book After which animal did mammary glands develop?

What animal does not have jaws?

Which animals have lungs?

Which animals are probably predators?

After which animal did protection from the elements arise?

What other animals would come after the chimp?

Which animals would come before the hagfish?