FRQ:2 Supranationalism TENDENCY FOR STATES TO GIVE UP POLITICAL POWER TO A HIGHER AUTHORITY IN PURSUIT OF COMMON OBJECTIVES (political, economic, military, environmental) FRQ:2 Supranationalism and Devolution
SUPRANATIONALISM Involves multiple national states (two or more) with a common goal. Examples: European Union NAFTA UN NATO
DEVOLUTION Relinquishing of autonomy to internal units Process whereby regions within a state demand and gain political strength and growing autonomy at the expense of the central government. Breakup of a state (balkanization)
Examples of Devolution Break up of a state Yugoslavia / Balkans Former U.S.S.R. Czechoslavakia Autstria-Hungary Demand for autonomy UK: Scotland, Wales, Ireland, N. Ireland Spain: Basques, Catalonians Italy: Padania, Tyrol France: Corsica
EFFECTS OF SUPRANATIONALISM Free Trade (reduced Tariffs) = economic prosperity Common Currency Open Borders for labor & tourists Greater international influence Greater political/eco power More power to compete with economies of other countries
EFFECTS OF SUPRANATIONALISM Loss of Control over individual policy War is less likely Common policy Resources, agriculture, economic, environment, trade, military
EFFECTS OF DEVOLUTION Formation of new states More power to regions Formation of new legislatures Local control over policy Local ethno-nationalism Linguistic Religious revival Regional separatism
EFFECTS OF DEVOLUTION Political instability Economic instability Civil war Fighting Hostility Ethnic cleansing Economic instability Mass Migration Refugees emigration