AMERICA ENTERS THE WAR

America is still not officially involved in the war, but they are helping the allies.

America Helps Allies  Cash and carry policy This allowed the allies to pay cash for American war products and carry them away.  Lend-Lease Act (1941) This allowed the U.S. to lend war materials to the allies and receive payment at a later date. With this act, the U.S. gave $50 billion in supplies.

 Many questioned whether the US was doing enough to help.  The isolationist debate was at full force.

The U.S. Embargoes Japan  Japan depended on the U.S. for oil, scrap metal, and airplane fuel.  80% of Japan’s oil came from the United States.  FDR began restricting these products because Japan invaded China.  On November 26th 1941, the Japanese navy set sail for the U.S. Naval base in Pearl Harbor Hawaii.

Japan Attacks Pearl Harbor  December 7th 1941 the Japanese attacked the base at Pearl Harbor.  21 U.S. ships were sunk or damaged.  2,403 Americans were killed.  The Senate voted to declare war by a vote of 82 to 0.

Attack on Pearl Harbor 1 st Wave -- The first attack wave of 183 planes was launched north of Oahu. Slow and vulnerable planes led the attack (why?) and focused on attacking US battle ships. Then dive bombers came through attacking bases. 2 nd Wave -- The second wave consisted of 171 planes 353 planes reached Pearl Harbor.

Results of the Attack 4 battleships sunk, 4 battleships damaged including 1 run aground 2 destroyers sunk, 1 damaged 1 other ship sunk, 3 damaged 3 cruisers damaged [2] 188 aircraft destroyed 155 aircraft damaged, 2,345 military killed 1,247 military wounded 57 civilians killed 35 civilians wounded [3][4] [2] [3][4]  4 midget submarines sunk, 1 midget submarine run aground, 27 aircraft destroyed, 55 airmen killed 9 submariners killed 1 submarine captured United StatesJapan

After the Attack…  Largest attack against United States ever…  Country feared a larger attack against the west coast…  US declares war on Japan  FDR’s speech to Congress FDR’s speech to Congress

Germany Declares War  Now that Japan and the U.S. were at war, Hitler wanted to help the Japanese.  Hitler had also grown tired of the U.S. Navy’s attacks on German submarines.  On December 11th 1941, both Germany and Italy declared war on the U.S.