Institutional Corrections By - Mieshia, Robert, and Evan!

Question 1 Summarize the purposes of confinement in Europe before it became a major way of punishing criminals.

Answer 1 continued… To hold people before trial To hold people awaiting punishment Force people to pay fines and debts

Answer 1 Detain and punish slaves To be forced into religion To remove people with disease from the general population

Question 2 Describe how offenders were punished before the large-scale use of confinement.

Answer 2 Placed in the stocks or pillory Banishment Transportation Beheaded Stoned Hanging Crucifixion

Answer 2 cont.. Stoned Workhouses Crucifixion

Question 3 Explain why confinement began to be used as a major way of punishing offenders in Europe.

Answer 3 Excessive Disorderly Inefficient Arbitrary Capricious Discriminatory Unjust

Question 4 Describe the recent trends in the use of incarceration in the USA…

Answer 4 Arbitrary punishments, capital fines, temporary holding rather than punishment

Question 5 List some of the characteristics of the incarcerated population in the USA…

Answer 5 Young African American males

Question 6 Describe how incarceration facilities are structured, organized, administered by the government in the USA…

Medium Security-Few restrictions on inmate movement inside the facility Low Security-Mostly dormitory or cubical Minimum Security-smaller and more open

Answer 6 Maximum security-tight external and internal security

Answer 6 Supermax- total isolationism of inmates and constant lockdowns.

Answer 6 Medium Security-Few restrictions on inmate movement inside the facility

Answer 6 Low Security-Mostly dormitory or cubical

Minimum Minimum Security-smaller and more open

Question 7 Name some of the common types of correctional facilities in the USA…

Answer 7 Medium and Minimum

Question 8 Identify some of the procedures that institutions employ to maintain security and order…

Answer 8 Segregation of race, riot control, constant watching, over watches on catwalks

Question 9 List the services and programs that are commonly available to inmates…

Answer 9 Churches, clothes, food, therapy

Banishment A punishment, originating in ancient times, that required offenders to leave the community and live elsewhere, commonly in the wilderness.

Transportation A punishment in which offenders were transported from their home nation to one of that nation’s colonies to work.

Workhouses European forerunners of the modern U.S prison, where offenders were sent to learn discipline and regular work habits.

Penology The study of prison management and the treatment of offenders.

Panopticon A prison design consisting of a round building with tiers of cells lining the inner circumference and facing a central inspection tower.

Pennsylvania System An early system of U.S. penology in which inmates were kept in solitary cells so that they could study religious writings, reflect on their misdeeds, and perform handicraft work.

Auburn System An early system of penology, originating at Auburn Penitentiary in New York, in which inmates worked and ate together in silence during the day and were placed in solitary cells for the evening.

Medical Model A theory of institutional corrections, popular during the 1940s and 1950s, in which crime was seen as symptomatic of personal illness in need of treatment.

Privatization The involvement of the private sector in the construction and the operation of confinement facilities.

Shock Incarceration The placement of offenders in facilities patterned after military boot camps.

Incarceration Rate A figure derived by dividing the number of people incarcerated by the population of the area and multiplying the result by 100,000; used to compare incarceration levels of units with different population sizes.

Classification Facility A facility to which newly sentenced offenders are taken so that their security risks and needs can be assessed and they can be assigned to a permanent institution.

Security Level A designation applied to a facility to describe the measures taken, both inside and outside. To preserve security and custody.

Custody Level The classification assigned to an inmate to indicate the degree of precaution that needs to be taken when working with that inmate.

Cocorrectional Facilities Usually small, minimum-security institutions that house both men and women with the goal of normalizing the prison environment by integrating the daytime activities of the sexes.

Lockup A very short-term holding facility that is frequent located in or very near an urban police agency so that suspects can be held pending further inquiry.

Jail A facility, usually operated at the local level that holds convicted offenders and unconvicted persons for relatively short periods.

Protective Custody The segregation of inmates for their own safety.

Administrative Segregation The keeping of inmates in secure isolation so that they cannot harm others.

Conjugal Visits An arrangement whereby inmates are permitted to visit in private with their spouses or significant others to maintain their personal relationships.

Snitch System A system in which staff learn from inmate informants about the presence of contraband the potential for disruptions, and other threats to security.

Milieu Therapy A variant of groups therapy that encompasses the total living environment continually encourages positive behavioral change.

Crisis Intervention A counselor's efforts to aggress some crisis in an inmate’s life and to calm the inmate.

Less-eligibility Principle The position that prisoners should receive no service or program superior to the services and programs available to free citizens without charge.

ABC’s of Prison

A is for… Auburn System

B is for… Banishment

C is for… Conjugal Visits

D is for… Delta Camp

E is for… Entrapment

F is for… Friends… You need them…

G is for… Guards, they keep the peace…

H is for… Healing, victims need it…

I is for… Insanity, people are insane in prison.

J is for… Jail… Self explanatory…

K is for… Killing, how you get in prison.

L is for… Larceny, it means theft.

M is for… Mutilation, it happens…

N is for… Negligence, people are purposefully negligent.

O is for… Oprah... She’s on TV in prison

P is for… Prison, it’s just like jail

Q is for… Queens… got a lot in prison…

R is for… Recreational Yard, where inmates go to have fun

S is for… Soap, don’t drop it!!!

T is for… Transportation, prisoners are transferred from one place to another

U is for… Under criminalization, things aren’t taken seriously…

V is for… Victims, the people who get harmed…

W is for… Water, something they don’t get…

X is for… X-rays, it helps find contraband

Y is for… Your mom, you will miss her.

Z is for… Zebra stripes, it’s the old clothes prisoners used to wear…