The CERIF-2000 and Vocabularies Andrei Lopatenko Vienna University of Technology

Problems. Examples. The CERIF Standard Publications types  'abstract','bibliography','biography','book','book chapter',  'conference paper','conference proceedings','correspondence',  'dictionary','directory','dissertation','duplicate publication',  'editorial','encyclopedia','errata','guideline','index','inte rview',  'journal article','lecture', 'meta- analysis','miscellaneous',  'monograph','multimedia','news','overall','patent','repo rt','review' , 'standard','textbook','translation','twin study'

Problems. Examples. UiB (real CRIS) publication types  UK2001/classifikasjon.htm  Two level hierarchy  The first level. Seven terms  The second level. About 50 terms  The same situation in Austria  Vocabularies dictated by real requirement to the CRIS from researchers, policy- makers, university administration

Research topics, expertise skills  In the CERIF-2000 ORTELIUS and others vocabularies are suggested to use  Real needs of researchers – AMS, national vocabularies and others  And what to do?

Why different vocabularies for the same data  Different societies and policies, focusing on different aspects or interested in different details  Different states by historical and other reasons

When vocabulary used?  In information retrieval operations Search by vocabulary terms Browse by hierarchy  Reports, analysis, evaluation, visualization (usually some statistical calculations)  Information input

What we need  As usual every CRIS has own target audience. That audience defines vocabulary used  But some CRIS should be compatible. Data should be able to be exported to EU bodies and problem of “domains” – in this case vocabularies should be solved.  The CERIF-2000 should specify how to use custom vocabulary for CRIS audience need and remain compatible with other CERIF CRIS (future, ERIS network?)

Other advantages  Such framework also will be useful for some CRIS with data sharing.  Some CRIS has several different audiences. And each uses own vocabulary for the same data. Creating multi vocabulary CRIS can be implementation guideline-help for CRIS developers  Example: publication types – researchers and university administration (only statistical weights of publications), national and international audience foe the same CRIS

So what we need  Framework and application which Built, evolve and store different vocabularies of different types Specify meaning of vocabulary for classifying which information it can be used Specify intervocabulary relations (mappings)

What we need  Framework and application which(operational stage) Perform domain transformation (vocabulary mapping) in export/import operations - short term goal Perform domain transformation (vocabulary mapping) in informational retrieval operations

How to implement  Several possible ways Simple database descriptions of vocabularies and their mappings More complicated, as example, Description Logics descriptions of the vocabularies and mappings

Database implementation  Easy to implement  Easy to develop vocabulary creation, supporting, mapping definition tools  More or less easy to implement transformation tools  But very bad in expressing meaning of terms, terms definitions

Database implementation  Impossible to specify attribute definition of terms Example: “EU Project” is a “Project” which “funding organization” is a “fund” of EU or Euro Commission  Hard to measure information lacks…

Database implementation  But already implemented and can be part of CERIF-2000 free implementation  Currently MS ASP application, better JSP or more open standard

Screenshot. Vocabulary development

Screenshot. Intervocabulary mappings

Description Logic  Much more powerful in taxonomies and mapping descriptions  But need very special experience and knowledge (some logical theories, languages)  Not directly database integrated, as usual terms are not stored in database

Description Logics.  DAML + OIL can make situation not so hard?  Possibly, yes, should be investigated in EU project  Very important for European wide CRIS

Summary  We can propose free tools for CERIF CRIS developers  And when we get feedback situation will be more clear  Need to get EU project and solve vocabulary problems