China

Taiwan Mongolia

Geography ► China is the 3 rd largest country in the world (approximately 3.7 million square miles in area)  Mountains cover 40% of China ’ s land area

Plains and Rivers ► Most people live in Eastern China – near rivers for rice patties ► Gobi Desert in North China

Natural Resources World ’ s leading producer of coal, lead, tin and tungsten. ► The widespread use of coal has caused serious air pollution. ► Three Gorges Dam--world’s largest dam – hydroelectric power

Terra Cotta Soldiers ► Chang, the first emperor of China, died in the late 200 BC ’ s. He was buried near the modern city of Xi ’ an in a tomb that remains unexcavated. Near the tomb stands more than 6,000 warriors and horses made of clay. Each statue is unique.

Great Wall of China ► Genghis Khan led Mongols to rule all of China ► The Chinese regained control and built a wall to keep future Mongols out

3” Golden Lotuses ► First, the feet were softened in hot water. After a few hours, any dead skin was scrubbed off, toenails were clipped as short as possible and alum was sprinkled between the toes to stop perspiration. Next came the actual binding. Cotton bandages, generally 2 inches (5 centimeters) wide by 10 feet (3 meters) long, were soaked in hot water so they'd shrink as they dried.

► Then the binder -- sometimes the girl's mother, other times an experienced woman in the village -- folded the girl's four small toes under her feet and began wrapping each foot with the bandages in a figure- eight pattern. The goal was to leave the big toe and ball of the foot largely intact, but keep the other four toes under the foot and bring the heel forward, towards the front of the foot.

► The bones in the arch and foot would break during the process. To ensure a tight bind and prevent the little girl from ripping off the bandages, the bandages were sewn together at several points. Once the binding was finished, a small pair of shoes was placed on the girl's feet and she was forced to walk around. The initial steps taken when feet were bound were incredibly painful

► Every day or two, the girl's feet were unbound, bathed and rebound. Slowly, the bindings became tighter and the shoes smaller, until her feet reached the coveted 3-inch crescent moon shape, a process that took about two years

► During this lengthy process, many things could go wrong. If a girl's toenails hadn't been trimmed enough, they could cut into the bottom of her feet and cause an infection. Gangrene was also a worry; it could quickly set in if the bindings were too tight [source: Evans]. Even when everything had been properly done, it was common for bound feet to become swollen and pus-filled, then break open, causing even more pain, plus a terrible odor toenails hadn't been trimmed enough, they could cut into the bottom of her feet and cause an infection. Gangrene was also a worry; it could quickly set in if the bindings were too tight [source: Evans]. Even when everything had been properly done, it was common for bound feet to become swollen and pus-filled, then break open, causing even more pain, plus a terrible odortoenails hadn't been trimmed enough, they could cut into the bottom of her feet and cause an infection. Gangrene was also a worry; it could quickly set in if the bindings were too tight [source: Evans]. Even when everything had been properly done, it was common for bound feet to become swollen and pus-filled, then break open, causing even more pain, plus a terrible odor

► Perhaps the most unpleasant thing about foot binding was that it was never over. Even after a girl's feet were successfully bound, she had to meticulously tend to them for the rest of her life -- regularly bathing them to avoid infection, and always rebinding quickly after a washing. If her feet weren't rebound, they'd begin to lose their form, which some Chinese women said was as painful as the original binding

No Lotus Feet = No husband 2 billion women over 1000 years

Tangrams ► Ancient Chinese puzzles brought to Europe by trading ships in the 1900s ► 7 geometrical shapes that make up a square – pieces are moved around to make shapes ► READ LEGEND

Time to make your tangram ► #1 - A SQUARE ► #2 - A HOUSE ► #3 - A HORSE

QOD 01/08/15 Why do you think drug dealers would knowingly sell extremely dangerous drugs to people? What does addiction do to a person?

Britain’s Money Problems ► Unequal balance of trade ► Unending demand for Chinese silk, porcelain and tea ► China wanted NOTHING of Britain ► All of Britain’s silver goes to China ► Need to find something they will trade

Opium ► British East India Company ► Grows millions in poppy plants to make opium ► Sends it to China, sells to drug buyers, distribute throughout China ► Chinese emperor burns 2.5 million pounds of Opium

OPIUM WARS ► Opium Wars (1839 – 1842)  British anger at lost $  Launch brutal and quick war  Destroy Chinese military  British take Shanghai  Sign Treaty of Nanking – very unequal for Chinese

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