Goal : Comprehension Strategy : Summarizing Adapted by Patty Rieple

Summarizing What is it? Telling the most important elements in our own words. It’s a shorter version of what you just read. Other terms may be: -getting the gist -telling the main idea -retelling the story

Summarizing Why do we do it? To improve comprehension by: Reducing information to essential ideas in order to: – Understand – Learn – Organize – remember important information or stories.

Two Kinds of Reading Two kinds of Summaries

2 kinds of Reading Narrative Text structure has a beginning – middle – end. Narrative elements include: characters, setting, and plot that includes a problem, events and solution. Informational Text structure is an introduction – body - conclusion Has a topic or main idea: Titles and headings help to identify this. Has supporting details that explain, give examples, or elaborate on the topic

Summaries m Summarizing 2 kinds of Summaries Summaries match the type or structure of the text. -Narrative -Informational

2 kinds of Summaries Narrative  Retell story in sequence(B-M-E)  5 W’s strategy: who, where, when, what, why/how  Somebody wanted/but/so- strategy Informational  Give the Main idea and details.  5 W’s strategy  MIDAS strategy

The Process… Narrative Text

Story Maps help you retell the story from Beginning to End using the narrative elements: Characters: Who Setting: When Where Plot: What happened Problem: What is the problem or situation the main character must deal with. Events: What characters do to solve the problem or resolve the situation. Solution: How or Why did the problem get solved

WHO? (Character) WHAT? (problem/ events) WHEN? (setting) WHY? (solution) HOW? (solution) 5 W’s plus H For Narrative WHERE? (setting)

Where-setting When-setting We can use the Handy Summary to remember the 5 W’s when we summarize a narrative text. Handy Summarizing Strategy Who- Characters Why/How-Solution What-Problem/Events

Find the 5W’s on this story! Long ago, animals could talk. A golden lion roamed the African plains. He rested on a big, flat rock. A large bird soared in the sky. "I wish I could fly like that bird," the lion said. "Maybe if I run fast, I can leap into the air!" The silly lion tried all day. He wore himself out. Then he gave up. "Why did I want to fly?" he asked. "All the fun is here on the ground!"

Sentence Summary… A golden lion lived on the African plains long ago. He wanted to fly so he tried all day until he finally gave up. He had so much fun trying he decided to just stay on the ground.

Somebody Wanted But So… Example: After reading chapter 1-The Jacket by Andrew Clements this organizer helped write a summary sentence. SomebodyWantedButSo PhilWANTED to get his brother’s jacket back from the black kid named Daniel BUT Daniel claimed it was a birthday present from his Grandmother SO they ended up in the principal’s office

The Process… Informational Text

The main idea is the most important information or concept in a text or statement. Sometimes the main idea is explicit; sometimes it is implied. Not all information is equal: some of it clearly is more important than the rest. Find the focus…

Use a graphic organizer…. Main Idea Supporting Detail Supporting Detail Supporting Detail

f Try the “MIDAS Touch!” M MAIN IDEA ( hint: many times the topic sentence contains the main idea) I Identify SUPPORTING DETAILS (look for key words that tell; who, where, when, what, why, how) D Disregard unimportant information A Analyze redundant (repeated) information S Simplify, categorize, and label important information

Summarizing with the Main Idea Let’s practice One paragraph at a time…

Try the Midas Touch! Find the Main Idea and details. A tornado is a powerful twisting windstorm. It begins high in the air, among the winds of a giant storm cloud. People who have watched a tornado’s howling winds reach down from the sky have said it’s the most frightening thing they have ever seen. In some parts of the United States, these windstorms are called twisters or cyclones.

Tornado is powerful, twisting windstorm Part of giant storm cloud Frightening Also called twister or cyclone Main idea and supporting details

Sentence Summary… Tornadoes are frightening, powerful, twisting windstorms sometimes called twisters or cyclones that start in giant storm clouds.

Summarizing with the 5 W’s Let’s practice One paragraph at a time…

Be a News Reporter Be a News Reporter Who? What? When? Where? Why or how? Who? What? When? Where? Why or how?

WHO? (subject) WHAT? (action) WHEN? (time) WHY? (reason) HOW? (process) 5 W’s plus H For Informational WHERE? (location)

Give It a try! Find the 5 W’s Boats have been around for a long, long time. Some used the wind to move. Some were rowed by people. These boats were very slow. Then someone had a new idea. Robert Fulton designed the first boat that could move by the power from steam. This first steamboat was named the Clement. In August 1807, it traveled over 100 miles up the Hudson river from New York City under its own steam power.

Sentence Summary… Robert Fulton designed the first steamboat in 1807 because other boats were too slow. In August it moved by steam 100 miles from New York City up the Hudson River.

Summarize the Learning! We summarize after reading to improve comprehension. A summary is a shorten version of what we just read. Several strategies help us summarize: Graphic organizers like: -story maps -somebody/wanted/but/so -main idea and supporting details 5 W’s work with both Narrative and Informational MIDAS- strategy

Resources The Café Book: Engaging all Students in Daily Literacy Assessment and Instruction, Gail Boushey and Joan Moser, Stenhouse Publisher, 2009 Edhelper-Summarizing printables Summarizing powerpoint by J Bernard