Studying Life Chapter 1-3

Living things All living things have Eight characteristics they MUST have in order be called a living organism

Characteristics of living things Made up of units called cells Reproduce Are based on a universal genetic code Grow and develop

Characteristics of Living things Obtain and use materials and energy Respond to their environment Maintain a stable internal environment Change over time, as a group

Made up of cells All living things are made up of cells A cell is a collection of living matter enclosed by a barrier separates the cell from its surroundings.

Multicellular and Unicellular Living organisms do not have to be made up of more than one cell. A one celled organism is called a unicellular organism An organism made of many cells is called multicellular.

Reproduction All living things can create new life through the process of reproduction There are two types of reproduction: Sexual Reproduction Asexual Reproduction

Sexual REproduction Vs Asexual Reproduction Sexual reproduction is a type of production that involves two cells from different parents combining to form a new organism

Sexual REproduction Vs Asexual Reproduction Asexual Reproduction occurs when an organism is created from a single parent

Based on a genetic code It is very common for offspring to resemble their parents With asexual reproduction the parent and offspring have the exact same traits

Based on a genetic code With sexual reproduction offspring have traits from both parents. This creates differentiation from parent to offspring

Can you tell the difference? In this photo 3 of the people are brothers. Which of the 6 are the 3 brothers?

Growth and development Every living organism has a life cycle In this cycle, the organism will grow and develop from one cell to full adult.

Need for materials and energy All living creatures have a need of various materials which they will use to create energy to perform various life functions This process of building up or breaking down materials for energy creation is called metabolism

Response to the environment All organisms respond to their environment Responses happen because our environment is ever changing Responses can happen in many ways

Maintaining an internal Balance Living things need to maintain an internal balance This ability is called Homeostasis Maintaining homeostasis is also a response to our environment

Ability to change over time All living things must be able to change over time We refer to this fact as evolution Evolution occurs when characteristics are naturally selected in order to increase the chance of survival