18.2 Notes: Volcano Anatomy Main Idea 1: Volcanoes look like mountains, but they form as a result of repeated eruptions of magma from underground. Redoubt,

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Presentation transcript:

18.2 Notes: Volcano Anatomy Main Idea 1: Volcanoes look like mountains, but they form as a result of repeated eruptions of magma from underground. Redoubt, AK

Active Volcano Has erupted during past 100 yrs.

Dormant Volcano Mount Edgcumbe, near Sitka AK Has not erupted recently, but might

Extinct Volcano Has not erupted in 1,000 yrs. Scientist think it might not erupt ever again.

Crater Formation: Bowl-shaped opening produced by vent explosions & lava flow

Side Vents Describe: Cracks in the crust, where magma can squeeze through.

Central Vents Describe: Main pipeline from magma chamber to the outside of the volcano.

Magma Chamber Conditions: Under extreme pressure, very hot, & is rising towards Earth’s surface.

Main Idea 2: Three major things come out an erupting volcano: 1. gas 2. lava 3. tephra

Gas Explain: The high pressure of magma can keep gases dissolved. As magma leaves volcano, pressure decreases, gas is released.

Tephra Describe: Solid particles, such as ash & pumice, are spewed out the volcano’s top.

Lava Define: Magma that is released above the ground. Influence of Silica Content: Silica determines the viscosity; more Si increases viscosity & slows lava flow.

Lava Formations: Pillow Lava Describe: Magma that is released underwater & cools quickly.

Lava Tubes Describe: Tunnels that extend from volcanic vents through the long stretch of lava flow.

Pyroclastic Flow Describe: A destructive mixture of gas & ash that can reach temps. Of 700degrees C & travels down the side of a volcano at 125mph!!!!!