Objectives Define and draw lines of symmetry Define and draw dilations

Symmetry defined A figure has symmetry if there is a transformation such that the preimage and image coincide Reflectional symmetry Rotational symmetry

Reflectional symmetry If there is a reflection that maps a figure onto itself, the figure has reflectional symmetry or line symmetry The figure may have one or more lines of symmetry, which divide the figure into two congruent halves

Rotational symmetry If there is a rotation of 180° or less that maps the figure onto itself, then the figure has rotational symmetry If the figure has 180° rotational symmetry, the figure has point symmetry Angle of rotation – how many degrees to rotate before figure is mapped onto itself

Angle of rotation Angle of rotation – smallest angle to rotate before figure is mapped onto itself 4 turns for one revolution 360° / 4 = 90° 3 turns for one revolution 360° / 3 = 120°

Dilation activity 1. Plot and connect the following points on graph paper A(-4, -4), B( -2, 6), C(4, 4) 2. Multiply the original coordinates by 2 and plot/connect them on graph paper. 3. Multiply the original coordinates by ½ and plot/connect them on graph paper. 4. Copy the original triangle onto patty paper. 5. Compare corresponding angles of all three triangles. 6. Compare corresponding sides of all three triangles in terms of lengths.

Dilation defined A dilation is a transformation that alters the size of the figure but does not change its shape Similarity transformation Not an isometry

Enlargement, reduction When both coordinates are multiplied by the same number (scale factor), the size may change but the shape stays the same Enlargement – Scale factor greater than 1 Example: (x, y)  (2x, 2y) Reduction – Scale factor between 0 and 1 Example: (x, y)  (½ x , ½ y)

Distortion Multiplying each coordinate by a different number (or scale factor) – Example: horizontal stretching (x, y)  (2x, y) Example: vertical shrinking (x, y)  (x, ½ y)