Diversity of Organisms and Classification

Classification of Organisms Kingdom Phylum / Division Class Order Family Genus Species

Species The smallest group of organisms classified which can interbreed with each other to produce fertile offspring

Six Kingdom System Archaebacteria Eubacteria Protists Fungi Animals Plants

Bacteria Kingdoms Split into two kingdoms according to chemical make-up Unicellular No nucleus Prokaryotic Heterotrophic or Autotrophic

The Bacteria Kingdoms Archaebacteria One of the oldest life forms on Earth Live in extreme environments Eubacteria Very common bacteria Found on almost every surface

Protist kingdom Unicellular or Multicellular Nucleus present Eukaryotic Autotrophic or heterotrophic

Fungus kingdom Eukaryotic No root, stem and leaf No chlorophyll Heterotrophic Reproduce by forming spores

Animal Kingdom Eukaryotic Divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of backbone: Invertebrates : without backbone Vertebrates : with backbone

Invertebrate Cnidarians Echinoderms Annelids Arthropods Mollusks

Cnidarians Stinging Animals with no backbone Include the jellyfish, corals, sea anemones, and box jellyfish Most are found in oceans

Annelids Include earthworms, leeches, and some Marine worms All have segmented bodies and bristles

Mollusks Soft and unsegmented body Sometimes covered by a hard shell

Echinoderms Marine animals with 5-radial plan body Have external spines Such as starfish, sand dollar, and sea urchin

Arthropods Segmented body Have a hard exoskeleton and several pairs of jointed legs Divided into 4 classes Crustaceans Arachnids Myriapods Insects

Vertebrates Also called the Chordates Divided into 5 groups: Fish Amphibians Reptiles Birds Mammals

Plant Kingdom Eukaryotic Most plants contains photosynthetic pigments (e.g. chlorophyll) for photosynthesis Autotrophic Can be divided into two groups: Non-flowering plants Flowering plants

Non-flowering plants 4 groups: Algae Mosses Ferns Gymnosperms

Mosses With simple leaves and stems No root; with rhizoids for anchorage and absorption of water Reproduce by spores No vascular tissues Found in damp area

Ferns With true roots, stems, leaves and vascular tissues Reproduce by spores Live in damp places

Conifers Reproduction by producing seeds Seeds develop in cones, not enclosed by fruits  naked seeds Needle-shaped leaves to reduce water loss

Flowering plants With flowers for reproduction Seeds are produced inside the fruit (matured ovary)