Immune mechanisms implicated in the tolerance induction to food allergens in children 3 rd International Conference and Exhibition on Clinical & Cellular.

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Presentation transcript:

Immune mechanisms implicated in the tolerance induction to food allergens in children 3 rd International Conference and Exhibition on Clinical & Cellular Immunology September 29 - October 01, 2014 Baltimore, USA Rafael Correa Rocha Laboratory of Immune-regulation Institute of Health Research “Gregorio Marañón” (IISGM). Madrid (Spain)

Allergy is caused by a reaction of the immune system against substances that are normally innocuous

Regulatory T cells (Treg)  Subpopulation of CD4+ T cells with a suppressive activity  Treg are identified as CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ cells  Treg are considered a crucial component of immune system for preserving peripheral tolerance and the correct immune homeostasis

Treg cells play a crucial role preserving the Immune Homeostasis

¿ Which are the immune mechanism implicated in tolerance achievement ? Allergic Tolerant SOTI T0Tend Food Allergy  estimated prevalence of > 5% in children  most frequent reason for anaphylactic reactions Precedents  In most of the cases Food Allergy could be reverted in Children (SOTI)  Children have a preserved thymic function and a high plasticity of the immune system  Thymic generation of Treg (suppressive) cells could be related with the tolerance achievement

Powdered pasteurized egg mixed with juice or milkshakes Day 1: 1  3  9  18 (Total: 31 mg) weekly increases until 10 g of powdered egg (1 egg) Tolerance of 10 g  desensitised Normal diet Specific Oral Tolerance Induction (SOTI) Oral administration of increasing amounts of a food allergen to achieve clinical tolerance

T effector cells are increased in allergic children and decrease markedly after SOTI N.S. *** * N.S. **

Pediatric Allergy and Immunology (2012). 23(7): ** N.S. ** N.S. CD38/ROneg cells have a hypo-proliferative phenotype These cells are diminished in allergic children and are recovered with the desensitization p = 0,003

Are Treg cells responsible of the control of effector cells in the acquisition of tolerance ?

SOTI  Increases Treg values The balance Treg/effector is restablished Pediatric Allergy and Immunology (2013). 25(1): 103-6

p = 0.009p = Increased values of circulating Treg cells are related with a decrease in the effector cells associated with allergic symptoms

Immunoglobulins T0Tendp IgE (total) (kU/L)738 ( )772 ( )0.900 IgE white8.18 ( )9.51 ( )0.792 IgE ovalbumin4.63 ( )4.61 ( )0.290 IgE ovomucoid6.08 ( )8.30 ( )0.725 IgG white (mg/L)5.02 ( )20.8 ( )0.027* Cytokines T0Tendp IL IFN- ϒ IL-17A IL IL IL IL IL IL IL IL IL-1 β TNF- α

Laboratory of Immune-regulation. IiSGM, Madrid (SPAIN) Laura Perezabad Jacobo López-Abente Elena Seoane Reula Rafael Correa-Rocha* Laboratory of Immune-regulation. IiSGM, Madrid (SPAIN) Laura Perezabad Jacobo López-Abente Elena Seoane Reula Rafael Correa-Rocha* Department of Pediatric Allergy. Hospital Gregorio Marañón. HGUGM, Madrid (Spain) Elena Alonso Victoria Fuentes Lidia Zapatero Sonsoles Infante *: