Utopian Communities Robert Owen (1771-1858) Utopian Socialist “Village of Cooperation”

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Presentation transcript:

Utopian Communities

Robert Owen ( ) Utopian Socialist “Village of Cooperation”

The Oneida Community New York, 1848 John Humphrey Noyes ( )  Millenarianism  the 2 nd coming of Christ had already occurred  Humans were no longer obliged to follow the moral rules of the past all residents married to each other carefully regulated “free love”

New Harmony, IN New Harmony lasted from

Secular Utopian Communities Individual Freedom Demands of Community Life  spontaneity  self-fulfillment  discipline  organizational hierarchy

Original Plans for New Harmony, IN Proposal by Owen New Harmony in 1832

Abolitionist Movement Create a free slave state in Liberia, West Africa No real anti-slavery sentiment in the North in the 1820s & 1830s GradualistsImmediatists

Abolitionist Movement Until 1820s most abolitionists advocated resettlement 1816  American Colonization Society created Member certificate to American Colonization Society

Anti-Slavery Alphabet

William Lloyd Garrison ( ) Massachusetts newspaper editor Founded in 1831

The Liberator Premiere issue  January 1, 1831

The Tree of Slavery—Loaded with the Sum of All Villanies!

Other White Abolitionists Lewis Tappan Arthur Tappan James Birney Liberty Party Ran for President in 1840 & 1844

Black Abolitionists David Walker ( ) 1829  Appeal to the Coloured Citizens of the World Fight for freedom rather than wait to be set free by whites

Frederick Douglass ( ) 1845  The Narrative of the Life Of Frederick Douglass 1847  published “The North Star”

Sojourner Truth ( ) or Isabella Baumfree 1850  The Narrative of Sojourner Truth

Harriet Tubman ( ) “Moses”

Leading Escaping Slaves Along the Underground Railroad

The Underground Railroad

“Conductor” ==== leader of the escape “Passengers” ==== escaping slaves “Tracks” ==== routes “Trains” ==== farm wagons transporting the escaping slaves “Depots” ==== safe houses to rest/sleep

Turner’s Rebellion Led by Nat Turner whites killed in the revolt 200+ blacks killed –56 executed (including Turner) – killed by militias and mobs Results: –

Slave Owners Defend Slavery –Ex. Servants should obey their masters –Slaves benefited from Christianity –Greece, Rome, Egypt –Paternalism of slaveowner –Compared to “wage slaves” in the North “ ” not just a “necessary evil” “ ” –In response to numerous abolitionist petitions, Congress was prevented from discussing slavery