Chapter 8 Section 3

  Slavery  Considered an American institution since colonial times  Growth of cotton farming  need for slaves grew  Suffered cruel treatment  Beatings, whipping, maiming, mental punishment (humiliation), threat of being separated from family  Separation from family  slaves sold Life Under Slavery

 Separation of Families

  Some slaves took their own lives  Some slaves dealt with pain and suffering daily  Most slaves maintained their dignity and hope  Keeping ties with family and friends  Family traditions kept alive  Family stories  Took comfort in their religion (mix of traditional African and Christian beliefs) Trying to Survive

  Sabotage  Breaking tools, outwitting overseers, escape  Fled to the North or Mexico  Underground Railroad  Revolts Resistance

  Denmark Vesey, 1822  Freedman  Second-rate citizen Charleston, SC  Eventually hanged Denmark Vesey

  Nat Turner, 1831  Taught himself to read the Bible  August 1831, near Richmond, VA  Later executed  As a result, southerners became fearful  Stricter laws passed  Legality of literacy  Revolts inspired Northerners to work against slavery Nat Turner

  How did enslaved people resist their captivity? Question

  Northern states had outlawed slavery by the 1840s  ME and VA slowly freeing slaves  Freed slaves still dealt with racial discrimination  American Colonization Society (ACS)  David Walker (free African American) The Lives of Free African Americans

 Go Down, Moses

  What is the story of Moses?  How did the African Americans relate to the story of Moses?  Who did the Pharaoh represent?  In what way did African American spirituals combine African and European influences to create something new?  Why do you think few African American spirituals survive in their original forms? Go Down, Moses

  1804, all states north of MD passed legislation to end slavery  1807, bringing any new slaves from Africa banned  Abolition Movement The Fight Against Slavery

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  Printer in Boston, MA  Began antislavery career working for Benjamin Lundy  Lundy published 1 st antislavery newspaper  The Liberator  Garrison’s newspaper  Moral suasion  In favor of emancipation  1833, American Anti-Slavery Society William Lloyd Garrison

Started The Liberator antislavery newspaper

  Theodore Weld  Lane Theological Seminary in OH  Married Angelina Grimké  Sarah Grimké  Frederick Douglass  David Walker Abolitionists

 Theodore Weld Angelina Grimké

 Abolitionists Sarah GrimkéFrederick Douglass

  Despite abolitionist efforts; most Americans continued to support slavery  Southerners claim slavery is necessary due to Southern agricultural economy  Claim North also dependent due to textile and shipping industries  Claim that Christianity supported slavery (inevitable)  Refusal in south to read abolitionist newspapers Working Against Abolition

  Most northerners agreed with southerners about slavery  Grimké-Weld wedding  Tension  locals burn down antislavery meeting hall  Fear that end of slavery would end supply of southern cotton  Gag Rule, 1836  renewed annually for 8 years Northerners Resist Abolition

  Abolition movement small and mostly confined to North  Vocal and persistent  Widened regional cultural differences between largely urban and industrialized North and the largely rural and agricultural South  Divided country Slavery Divides Nation