 From now on we’ll be taking notes, doing assignments, and projects in the notebooks I bought you  You can leave your notebook in the classroom when you don’t have homework in it  You must have your notebook everyday or you will be marked tardy

 NB p.1 ◦ Write “Table of Contents” on the top line ◦ Number the lines 1-20  NB p.2 ◦ Write “Table of Contents 2” on the top line  On lines 1 and 2 on p. 1 write “TOC”  Number the pages 1-20 in your note book

 On line 3 in the TOC write “Timeline” ◦ Copy the timeline on pages 336 and 337 in your Modern World Book  On lines 4 and 5 in the TOC write “11.1 Notes”

 In mid-1800s Africa is divided into hundreds of ethnic and linguistic groups ◦ Over 1,000 different languages ◦ In 1880 Europeans controlled only about 10% of Africa (mainly on the coasts)

 The Industrial Revolution gave Europeans a reason to add lands to their control. ◦ Think of the factors of production (land, labor, capital) ◦ What are some of the reasons for European Imperialism?  Raw Materials  New markets  = improved economies

 Colonialism grows out of “national pride” ◦ Viewed size of empire as a measure of greatness  Many Europeans believed they were the “best” people ◦ Racism: the belief that one race is superior to others  This thinking is a result of Social Darwinism ◦ The application of Darwin’s theory of “survival of the fittest” ◦ Used to justify Imperialism

 More advanced technology ◦ Maxim Gun: worlds first automatic machine gun  Steam engines and railroads  1829, the drug quinine protected Europeans form Malaria  Variety of African cultures and languages made it hard for Africans to unite

The Maxim GunSteam Engine What are these two things?

 On line 6 in the TOC write “Imperialism in Africa in 1913” ◦ Trace the map of Africa on page 343 in your book ◦ Color in areas claimed by the French, British, and Germans  What is different about the map of Imperialist claims in 1878?

 Competition over Africa almost led to war in Europe  14 European countries met at the Berlin Conference in  No African leaders were invited  By 1914 only Liberia and Ethiopia were free from European control  Europeans would not end up selling a lot of goods to Africa, instead they developed “cash crops”

 British claim land and establish farms in South Africa  British take over Cape Colony  Boers move north to escape British and clash with the Zulus  Boers try to protect claims to minerals and blame British for rebellion  Boers Attack British  British win war  Boers join Union of South Africa under British control

 Open your book to page 338  Read, “How would you react to colonizers?”

 Methods of Management: ◦ Direct Control:  Limited self-rule for local governments  Legislative body includes colonial, local officials ◦ Indirect Control  Paternalism – Europeans provide for local people, but grant no rights  Assimilation – adaptation of local people to ruling culture