Liquid Stone Huward Fontenot MEEN Spring 2004

Background  Created by BJ Services Company  Made from Portland Concrete (API Class H)  Normally begins hydration immediately after being mixed  Can be slowed down  Often irreversible

Composition  Suspending agent  Kerrigena – keeps viscosity low, makes pumping easier  Plasticizer  Maintains fluid state, keeps gel strength down, keeps low thickness  Set Retarder  Proprietary organic acid - stops hydration process

Using Liquid Stone  Activator  Added to the Liquid Stone to initiate hydration process  Returns to Portland Concrete state (maintains similar properties)  If used in high temperature areas, the high temperature can act as the activator  Optimum temperature range is up to 450ºF

Uses  Used in remote locations  Concrete normally transported dry and mixed on site  Easier to handle  Used in offshore oil rigs  No pre-mixing necessary  Easily poured

Benefits  Slurries can be mixed for specific uses  Ranges in density (8.1 – 20.0 ppg)  Maintains normal compressive strength  Easily pumped  Environmentally safe  Personnel have minimal exposure to dust  Compatible with other cements  Reduces losses during mixing and transport  Can be stored for several months in liquid state

References  BJ Services Liquid Stone Website   Article on Liquid Stone  p?newsid= p?newsid= p?newsid=7243  Article on Use of Liquid Stone  spe/p1_liquid.htm spe/p1_liquid.htm spe/p1_liquid.htm