SYSTEMS CORPORATION Pulse Sciences Division FAST MARX-CHARGED ONE-STAGE MPC CONCEPT FOR KrF LASER IFE Doug Weidenheimer Titan Pulse Sciences Division

Candidate Topologies Studied to Date SYSTEMS CORPORATION Pulse Sciences Division Efficiency Wall Plug/ E-beam (J)

Marx-Charged 1-Stage MPC (Mag. Pulse Compressor) - System Parameters SYSTEMS CORPORATION Pulse Sciences Division Load: space charge limited e-beam diode, 800 kV, 176 kA, 600 ns. Vacuum Bushing: 2 parallel inside-out, 72 nH equivalent inductance. Transit time Isolator: T (1 way) = 300 ns, water dielectric, 4.55  impedance, stainless steel coax. Output Mag Switch: single-turn, L sat = 110 nH, 291 mV-sec, post-winding anneal, 2605SC or equivalent. Output Reset: multi-turn, saturating. PFL: stainless steel coax, center-charged, peaking section, 4.55  (151.5 ns)  (148.5 ns)  (10 ns), water dielectric at 15 o C. Marx: erected capacitance = 69.4 nF, erected voltage = 1.6 MV, series equiv. L = 1.76  H, I pk = 228 kA, non-resonant inductive charge, laser-gated thyristor switched. Charging System: assumed polyphase rotating machine at 1000 Hz or greater, 13.8 kV RMS class insulation, phase-controlled rectifier.

System Energy Audit (kJ) SYSTEMS CORPORATION Pulse Sciences Division ( ) = with saturating inductors

Marx-Charged 1-Stage MPC SYSTEMS CORPORATION Pulse Sciences Division 10 m 3.5 m Output Reset PFL Transit-Time Isolator Output Switch Marx Tank

Fast Marx Parameters SYSTEMS CORPORATION Pulse Sciences Division Erected Capacitance: 69.4 nF Series Equivalent Inductance: 1.76  H Peak Current: 228 kA Erected Voltage: MV Stored Energy: kJ Charge Transfer Time (T/2): 783 nsec No. of Stages: 50 Working Voltage/Stage: 32.8 kV (  16.4 kV) Full Stage Capacitance: 3.47  F Inductance per Full Stage: nH Stage Capacitor Configuration: 2 -Vchg, 2 +Vchg Current Path Width (thru Marx): 108 cm each side Switches: laser-gated thyristors (± 16.4 kV working) Inductance of Connections (ground and output): 117 nH Charging: inductive (non-resonant) Full Stage Dimensions: 100 cm x 140 cm x 7 cm Marx Envelope Dimensions: 100 cm wide x 140 cm high x 355 cm long

Place holder for Marx tank vugraph -- see workshop 2

10.1nH 3.47  F 75  10.1nH 3.47  F 75  10.1nH 3.47  F 75  3.5pF C tank L conn 9.16nH C stray.56nF.50nF C stray 16.9nH C stray.56nF.50nF 1.71m  Full Marx Stage Schematic SYSTEMS CORPORATION Pulse Sciences Division Laser-Gated Thyristor

Marx Capacitors SYSTEMS CORPORATION Pulse Sciences Division Dielectric System: multi-layer polypropylene film, impregnant Construction: floating foil, 5 kV rated per section, 4 sections per winding, multiple windings in parallel Rated Voltage: 20 kV Rated Reversal: 10% Working Voltage: 16.4 kV Peak Current: 114 kA RMS Current: 161 Amps Capacitance: 3.47  F Energy at Working Voltage: 467 Joules Energy Transfer Time: 783 nsec Repetitive Service: 5 pps Life Time: 99% 5x10 8 charge/discharge cycles Dimensions: 42 cm x 108 cm x 3.5 cm Case Type: welded polypropylene, buss bar terminals each end Environment: oil immersion, 40 o C max

Laser Gated Thyristor Specifications SYSTEMS CORPORATION Pulse Sciences Division Single Device Working Voltage: 16.4 kV Peak Current: 228 kA forward, 10% current reversal max Action: 20.8 x 10 3 A 2 -sec Max di/dt: 895 kA/  sec I pk /Area: 4.07 kA/cm 2 Service: 5 pps continuous, RCT (reverse conducting thyristor), 56 cm 2 thyristor - 6 cm 2 diode Life Time: 99% survival at 5 x 10 8 shots Environment: oil immersion, 40 o C max Lasers: on-board 1120 nm CWL laser diode mini-bars at 500 watts for 1.0  sec, laser duty factor = 5 x Laser Sites: 8 mini-bars/cm 2 active silicon, 4 kW optical/cm 2 Laser Drives: integral with end electrodes, optical trigger isolation Silicon Device: advanced fabrication techniques, passivation, etc. Full Stage Switch Dimensions: 108 cm x 11 cm x 6 cm

SYSTEMS CORPORATION Pulse Sciences Division Projections based on current component development efforts and conformal component packaging have shown that improvements in pulse compressor efficiency, cost and reliability are possible. A solid-state switched-Marx charging a single stage magnetic pulse compressor has been identified as a candidate topology with this study. This approach will be investigated further through careful modeling and benchmarking of component characteristics and interactions. Conclusion