Chapter 24, Section 3 “The Holocaust”

What factors led to the Holocaust?

Nazi Persecution of the Jews Holocaust ----Nazis killed around 6 million Jews Other groups killed---considered inferior Disabled Gypsies Homosexuals Slavic peoples Jews discriminated against Couldn’t own land All Jewish were considered evil Sept. 1935: Nuremberg Laws passed Took citizenship away Banned marriage between Jews and Germans Could not hold public office/vote

Nazi Persecution November 7, 1938: Jewish refugee killed German diplomat Hitler ordered retaliation-random attacks against Jews November 9-Kristallnacht (“night of broken glass”) Violence did not stop---Gestapo arrested Jews, confiscated possessions/insurance Jews: ordered to pay for all damages Jews: decided it was time to leave---come to U.S. Map of Jews Fleeing Germany Video on Jews coming to the United States Many did not receive visas Reasons: Could not take more than $4 out of Germany Countries refused to accept Jewish immigrants Laws (U.S.) restricted granting a visa to poor people (left w/ no $) High unemployment rates *May 27, 1939: SS St. Louis-Havana, Cuba---Jewish hoped to get to U.S.-Cuban govt. revoked visas---couldn’t enter U.S. *had to go back home---part of the “final solution”

The Final Solution January 20, 1942: Nazi leaders met at Wannsee Conference---determine final solution for Jews 1. Made plans to get all Jewstake them to concentration camps Work as slaves Buchenwald-1st and largest 200,000 prisoners worked 12-hour shifts Died from exhaustion/bad conditions 2. Those elderly, ill, etcsent to extermination camps -built to kill Jews more efficiently -Treblinka and Auschwitz (gassed 12,000/day) -1,600,000 people died at Auschwitz *most of Jewish population had been wiped out

Auschwitz body pile

Jewish Resistance Warsaw Uprising Hitler wanted ghettos, including Warsaw, liquidated. In April 1943, Jews learned of this deportation to death camps, and formed a resistance. On April 19th roughly 750 Jews faced more than 2,000 German troops supported by artillery. General Jurgen Stroop ordered the ghetto to be burned building by building. Resistance lasted until May 16th 300 Germans killed 7,000 Jews killed

Questions over the Holocaust Give one reason for the Holocaust. What were the Nuremberg Laws? Why did many Jews choose to stay in Germany? Explain Kristallnacht. What was the Final Solution? Why couldn’t Jews on the SS St. Louis come to America?