The Nervous pathway 山东大学医学院解剖教研室李振华.

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Presentation transcript:

The Nervous pathway 山东大学医学院解剖教研室李振华

Conscious proprioceptive and fine touch pathway of trunk and limbs Central thalamic radiation VPL 3°neurons Medial lemniscus Gracile and cuneate nuclei 2°neuron Decussation of medial lemniscus Fasciculus cuneatus T4 Fasciculus gracilis Spinal ganglion 1°neuron

Unconscious proprioceptive pathway of trunk and limbs Superior cerebellar peduncle Inferior cerebellar peduncle Anterior Spinocerebellar tract Posterior spinocerebellar tract Lamina Ⅴ-Ⅶ Nucleus thoracicus Spinal ganglion

Pain, temperature and crude touch pathway of trunk and limbs Central thalamic radiation VPL 3°neurons Spinal lemniscus anterior spinothalamic tract LaminaⅠ,Ⅳ~Ⅶ 2°neuron Lateral spinothalamic tract Spinal ganglia 1°neuron

Pain, temperature and crude touch pathway of head and face Central thalamic radiation VPM 3°neurons Pontine nucleus of V 2°neuron Trigeminal lemniscus Trigeminothalamic tract Trigeminal ganglion Geniculate ganglion of facial n. Sup. ganglions of glossopharangeal n. and vagus n. 1°neuron Spinal tract of trigeminal n. Spinal nucleus of V 2°neuron

Afferent Pathway for Visual Acuity?

Normal Mono-ocular Field of Vision

80-90 degrees temporal. 45 degrees medial. Limited by nose Eye brows limit upward field

Visual pathway Optic nerve Optic chiasma Optic tract Lateral geniculate body Describe and locate the lesion for each visual field defect Optic radiation Visual area

Optic nerve Optic chiasma Optic tract Lateral geniculate body Optic radiation Visual area

Pathway for papillary light reflex?

Pathway for pupillary light reflex Sphincter pupil Ciliary muscle Ciliary ganglia Occculomotor n. Accessory oculomotor nuclei Pretectal area

Sphincter pupil Ciliary muscle Ciliary ganglia Occculomotor n. Accessory oculomotor nuclei Pretectal area

Note direct and consensual pupillary light reflex

Auditory pathway Transverse temporal gyrus Acoustic radiation Medial geniculate body Inferior coliculus Cochlear nuclei Lateral lemniscus Trapezoid body Cochlear nerve Spinal organ Bipolar neuron of cochlear ganglion

Corticospinal tract upper motor neuron Corticospinal tract Decussation of pyramid Lateral corticospinal tract Anterior corticospinal tract Lower motor neuron

Corticonuclear tract Nucleus of oculomotor n. Nucleus of trochlear n. Motor nucleus of trigeminal n. Nucleus of abducent n. Sup. part of nucleus of facial n. Inf. part of nucleus of facial n. Nucleus of ambiguus Nucleus of hypoglossal n. Nucleus of accessory n.

Extrapyramidal System 锥体外系

Extrapyramidal system

Babinski reflex - an UMN sign Adult response - plantar flexion of the big toe and adduction of the smaller toes Pathological (Infant) response - dorsoflexion (extension) of the big toe and fanning of the other toes Indicative of upper motor neuron damage