Type Today’s Date Here The Chemistry of Life

Brainteaser What fastens two people yet touches only one? Answer Here

The ocular lens of a compound microscope magnifies objects: a. 100x b. 1000x c. 10x d. 40x

Today you will 1.Review the phases of matter. 2.The Conservation of Matter. 3.Identity the difference between elements, compounds and molecules. 4.Identify the 6 most common elements found in living things.

Matter Matter = any material substance with Mass & Volume

Matter Solid Liquid Gas comes in 3 phases

Chemistry of Life All matter is composed of tiny particles called atoms. There are 109 types of atoms. An atom is the smallest part of an element that still has the properties of that element. It consists of 3 distinct subatomic particles – protons, neutrons and electrons. Nucleus = P + + N 0 E - s are in outer shells.

Elements A substance made up of one kind of atom is an element - they make up everything in the universe.

Drawing an Atom of Carbon C Atomic Mass Atomic # - Atomic # = # of neutrons = # of protons and electrons Carbon has 6 p + and 6 e -

Drawing an Atom of Carbon 6 p + 6 n 0 e-e- e-e- e-e- e-e- e-e- e-e-

Sub-atomic Particles Protons p+ p+ - positive charge, in nucleus Electrons - e - negative charge, orbiting nucleus Neutrons n0 n0 – no charge, in nucleus

ELEMENTS There are 92 elements found naturally The most common elements in living things are: Hydrogen (H) 59% Oxygen (O) 24% Carbon (C) 11% Nitrogen (N) 4% Others such as phosphorus (P) and sulphur (S) 2% combined

Law of Conversation of Matter –Matter can not be created nor destroyed it is just converted to a different form. O 2 + 2H 2 + energy 2H 2 O hydrogen atoms hydrogen atoms oxygen atoms oxygen atoms

Photosynthesis CO 2 + H 2 O + Energy C 6 H 12 O 6 + O 2 How many total atoms are there? _________ How many are there are each side? Balance the equation C = O =O = H = © 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

Atoms-Elements-Molecules-Compounds Molecules - 2 or more elements chemically combined to form a new substance with different properties than the separate elements. Properties – The way a chemical substance looks and behaves Compounds - a collection of like molecules

Atoms-Elements-Molecules-Compounds Molecules – are made of 2 or more different atoms combined to form Compounds H + O H 2 O = H O H Chemical formula lists the number of different atoms in a single molecule Structural formula shows the arrangement of the atoms in a single molecule

Molecules Glucose Sugar C 6 H 12 O 6 Chemical formula C H OH CC C CC H H H H H H OH O O H H O OH Structural formula

Compounds Inorganic Compounds or Organic Compounds usually don’t contain Carbon generally come from the earth generally simple molecules Usually ionic bonding always contain C & H and usually O, N, sometimes S & P originate in organisms generally complex molecules Usually covalent bonding

Examples of Inorganic Compounds H + O = H 2 O = Water H + Cl = HCl = Hydrochloric Acid C + O = CO 2 = Carbon Dioxide Na + Cl = NaCl = Common Table Salt

Examples of Organic Compounds C, H + O Carbohydrates = Sugars, starches & cellulose C, H + O Lipids = Fats & Oils C, H, O, N, & sometimes P + S Proteins C, H, O, N, + P Nucleic Acids – DNA & RNA

Find and circle the 6 most common elements found in living things

Chemistry Diga, diga, that’s all folks!

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