The Science of Classifying Organisms Taxonomy. Classification GROUPING things according to their CHARACTERI STICS.

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Presentation transcript:

The Science of Classifying Organisms Taxonomy

Classification GROUPING things according to their CHARACTERI STICS.

Biodiversity Scientists estimate that there are 5 million kinds of DIFFERENT plants, animals and microorganisms on earth.

CAROLUS LINNAEUS Developed a SYSTEM for grouping ORGANISMS.

CAROLUS LINNAEUS 1. Placed organisms into SMALLER and SMALLER groups based on SIMILARITIES. Similarities –STRUCTURAL -- most important –BIOCHEMICAL –GENETIC –BEHAVIORAL

Groups KINGDOM (largest) PHYLUM CLASS ORDER FAMILY GENUS SPECIES (smallest)

CAROLUS LINNAEUS 2. Gave an organism a TWO-WORD LATIN name. (binomial nomenclature) Example –COMMON name cougar, puma, mountain lion –SCIENTIFIC name Felis concolor (genus is capitalized species is lower case) GENUS, SPECIES (first name, last name)

Examples of Scientific Names Cattle: Bos taurus, Bos indicus

Examples of Scientific Names Cattle: Bos taurus, Bos indicus Sheep: Ovis aries.

Examples of Scientific Names Cattle: Bos taurus, Bos indicus Sheep: Ovis aries. Swine: Sus sus.

Examples of Scientific Names Cattle: Bos taurus, Bos indicus Sheep: Ovis aries. Swine: Sus sus. Horse: Euquis cabelas.

Examples of Scientific Names Cattle: Bos taurus, Bos indicus Sheep: Ovis aries. Swine: Sus sus. Horse: Euquis cabelas. Chickens: Galus galus

SPECIES means "KIND” A GROUP of closely related (SIMILAR) organisms that INTERBREED and have FERTILE offspring

Biodiversity No SINGLE inventory (book) of ALL classified species

5 Kingdoms of living things. ANIMAL PLANT FUNGI BACTERIA (MONERA) PROTISTS

Using A Dichotomous Key Dichotomous means "BREAKING into SMALLER parts"