1. Why do we use a classification system? Organize living things into groups Give organisms names Trees Maples – Fir – Pine - Acer Abies Pinus

2. Taxonomy A discipline used by scientists to classify organisms Give organisms a universally accepted name Classification of organisms into groups based on similarities of structure or origin KEY TERMS: Universally – Structure – Origin – accepted around the world how something is made or what something is made of where something came from

3. Classify Organize organisms into groups Animals PlantsFungiBacteria For Example:

4. Why use Latin and Greek names for scientific classification? Common names vary between countries – confusing Latin and Greek languages were understood by early scientists A universally accepted scientific language Still used today

5. What did the Swedish botanist, Carolus Linnaeus create in the 1700’s? Developed a two word naming system called “Binomial Nomenclature.”

6. Binomial Nomenclature Each organism is given a two part scientific name – Genus species Bi meaning “two” Nomen meaning “name”

EXAMPLES: Spider plant - Chlorophytum comosum

Pansy – Viola tricolor

7. Genus Generic name A group of closely related species EXAMPLES: Apple – Squash – Plum - Malus Cucurbita Prunus

8. Species Kind (Latin), specific name Organisms with similar characteristics Can breed Produce fertile offspring Japanese Maples – Acer palmatum

9. Seven Classification Levels Kingdom - Animalia Phylum - Chordata Class - Mammalia Order - Carnivora Family - Ursidae Genus - Ursus Species - arctos Grizzly Bear

10. Taxonomic Nomenclature Naming System

11. Taxon Each of the levels in the classification system is called a taxon Taxa: plural Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species

12. What are the six kingdoms in the current system of classification? Eubacteria Archaebacteria Protista Fungi Plantae Animalia

Euglena

13. What is a Dichotomous Key? A tool used to identify oragnisms – plants, insects, animals, etc. A series of paired statements that describe different organisms. With each step in a dichotomous key you have two choices. Example Dichotomous Key for trees: Compound or Simple Leaf 1a) Compound Leaf (leaf divided into leaflets) 1b) Simple Leaf (leaf not divided into leaflets)