Pages ACTIVE NOTE TAKING Fill in the blanks using textbook!
Ecology Study of the __________ among organisms and their ________________. Ecologists _________________ who study environmental relationships _______________ the environmental factors that influence organisms into ______ groups ____________ BIOTIC The Environment
Abiotic _________________ parts of the environment Examples: I._____________ II.Light & Temperature III._____________ IV.Soil Comparing Abiotic and Biotic Factors
Biotic Factors ___________or _____________ organisms in the environment Examples: I.Levels or organization II.__________________ III.Communities IV._____________________ V.Biomes VI.______________________ Comparing Abiotic and Biotic Factors
5 Factors: Water ________________ Soil Abiotic Factors
1.Water All organisms need __________ to survive Organisms are made of __________% water Respiration, photosynthesis, digestion, and other important life process can only occur with presence of ____________ 95% of Earth’s ___________ water is found in oceans Abiotic Factors
Examples of Water Pacific Ocean-Kauai, Hawaii Cumberland River & Lake Cumberland Dale Hollow Lake Bayou-Gueydan, LA
2. Light Availability of sun light is a major factor in determining where green plants and other ________________ organisms live Energy from Sun is changed into ____________ energy __________-lives near water surface Dense forest have very little photosynthetic plants, why? Abiotic Factors
Plant Examples North Shore-Kauai The Garden of Eden-Kauai Kipu Ranch-Kauai -conifers
3.Temperature Regional temperature also determines which plants and animals can live there Some areas of the world have fairly consistent temperature year round Other areas have season during which temperatures vary Arctic, Desert, Mid-Atlantic, Tropical, Arid, and Mild Abiotic Factors
Temperature Variations Mojave Desert-CA Arctic Plain-Antarctica Rain Forest-Brazil Great Plains-Kansas Appalachian Mts-TN Tropical Island-FL Keys
4.Air Composed of a mixture of gases including Nitrogen, _________________, and Carbon Dioxide. Plants & Animals depend on the gases in air for _________________ (breathe) All species are affected by weather Weather- 8km to 16 km (from surface) Ozone Layer-20km to 50km (from surface) Few organisms live at extreme air pressures Abiotic Factors
5.Soil Varies greatly from one environment to another Soil Type-determined by amount of Sand, Silt, and ___________ it contains Various soils contains different amounts of nutrients, minerals, and moisture Soil affects every organism in an environment! Abiotic Factors
Soil Top Soil-rich in nutrients and moisture (plant crops) Red Clay-sub soil-very acidic (use as filler dirt) Bed Rock-mostly limestone/sandstone (paving stone)
Abiotic Factors do not provide everything an organism needs for survival Organisms depend on other organisms for: Food __________________ Protection __________________ Biotic Factors
Biotic Factors Include: Bacteria ____________ Fungi ____________ Animals Biotic Factors
1.Organism : one __________________ from a population Levels of Organization Mallard Drake “GreenHead ”
2.Population : _________ of the individual of one species that live in the same _____________ at the same time. Levels of Organization
3.Community : the ______________ of different species that ______________ in some way Levels of Organization
4.Ecosystem : all of the ______________ in an area and the abiotic factors they interact with Levels of Organization
5.Biome : large region with ___________ and _____________ well adapted to the soil and climate of the region Levels of Organization
6. Biosphere : The level of biological organization that is made up of all the ecosystems on ________________ Levels of Organization
Where Earth’s organisms live Can be found 11,000 m deep in the ocean 9,000 m high on the mountains 4.5 km high in atmosphere Includes top part of Earth’s crust, all the waters that covers the Earth’s surface, the surrounding atmosphere, and all biomes! Biosphere Extremophiles