Law Enforcement 2025? Kismet or Karma? Prepared by Commander Sid Heal, (Retired) Los Angeles Sheriff’s Department

Q & A GroupYou!GroupYou! A Glimpse of the Future Can Technology Make a Difference?

In a time of drastic change, it is the learners who inherit the future. The learned usually find themselves (well) equipped to live in a world that no longer exists. Eric Hoffer Eric Hoffer In a time of drastic change, it is the learners who inherit the future. The learned usually find themselves (well) equipped to live in a world that no longer exists. Eric Hoffer Eric Hoffer

What have we been missing? Law enforcement is not a monopolyLaw enforcement is not a monopoly  Increase in Private Security Private PatrolPrivate Patrol Private detention centersPrivate detention centers Nearly all crime is historically contextualNearly all crime is historically contextual  Carjackings, identity theft, cell phone cloning, Internet fraud  Is smoking gradually becoming illegal?  Is marijuana gradually becoming legal? Law enforcement is not a monopolyLaw enforcement is not a monopoly  Increase in Private Security Private PatrolPrivate Patrol Private detention centersPrivate detention centers Nearly all crime is historically contextualNearly all crime is historically contextual  Carjackings, identity theft, cell phone cloning, Internet fraud  Is smoking gradually becoming illegal?  Is marijuana gradually becoming legal?

Robberies

Property Crime Total Property Burglary Theft GTA

Societal Trends affecting Law Enforcement Cashless SocietyCashless Society Ubiquitous ConnectivityUbiquitous Connectivity Blurring of War and CrimeBlurring of War and Crime Transmutation of CultureTransmutation of Culture Cashless SocietyCashless Society Ubiquitous ConnectivityUbiquitous Connectivity Blurring of War and CrimeBlurring of War and Crime Transmutation of CultureTransmutation of Culture

Cashless Society Checks, ATM cards, credit cards, debit cards, internet shopping, electronic transfersChecks, ATM cards, credit cards, debit cards, internet shopping, electronic transfers Counterfeiting?Counterfeiting? Street robberies?Street robberies? Narco?Narco? Terrorism?Terrorism? Checks, ATM cards, credit cards, debit cards, internet shopping, electronic transfersChecks, ATM cards, credit cards, debit cards, internet shopping, electronic transfers Counterfeiting?Counterfeiting? Street robberies?Street robberies? Narco?Narco? Terrorism?Terrorism?

Ubiquitous Connectivity Cell phones, PDAs, digital pagers, laptop computers, palm computers, personal radios, Bluetooth headphones, wireless internet, VOIP, ad infinitumCell phones, PDAs, digital pagers, laptop computers, palm computers, personal radios, Bluetooth headphones, wireless internet, VOIP, ad infinitum Public service typically takes 48 months to embrace a new technology, as opposed to 18 months for personalPublic service typically takes 48 months to embrace a new technology, as opposed to 18 months for personal Increase in absentee ballotsIncrease in absentee ballots Semi-Autonomous, self-dispatched, self-organized responsesSemi-Autonomous, self-dispatched, self-organized responses Flattened hierarchyFlattened hierarchy  Incorporation of subject matter experts Cell phones, PDAs, digital pagers, laptop computers, palm computers, personal radios, Bluetooth headphones, wireless internet, VOIP, ad infinitumCell phones, PDAs, digital pagers, laptop computers, palm computers, personal radios, Bluetooth headphones, wireless internet, VOIP, ad infinitum Public service typically takes 48 months to embrace a new technology, as opposed to 18 months for personalPublic service typically takes 48 months to embrace a new technology, as opposed to 18 months for personal Increase in absentee ballotsIncrease in absentee ballots Semi-Autonomous, self-dispatched, self-organized responsesSemi-Autonomous, self-dispatched, self-organized responses Flattened hierarchyFlattened hierarchy  Incorporation of subject matter experts

Blurring of War and Crime Soldiers and Marines carrying pepper spray, TASERs, shields and batonsSoldiers and Marines carrying pepper spray, TASERs, shields and batons English “Bobbies” carrying submachine gunsEnglish “Bobbies” carrying submachine guns

Transmutation of Culture Religions, customs, behaviors, politics, traits, etc. from regions and countries to cyberspaceReligions, customs, behaviors, politics, traits, etc. from regions and countries to cyberspace  In cyberspace, everyone is contiguous! Hobby TribesHobby Tribes Unorthodox ideological inspirationUnorthodox ideological inspiration Religions, customs, behaviors, politics, traits, etc. from regions and countries to cyberspaceReligions, customs, behaviors, politics, traits, etc. from regions and countries to cyberspace  In cyberspace, everyone is contiguous! Hobby TribesHobby Tribes Unorthodox ideological inspirationUnorthodox ideological inspiration  From fanatical fans to irrational ideologues Migration of crimeMigration of crime  Fraud, identity theft, child pornography, trade secret theft Jurisdictional issuesJurisdictional issues

Five Technology Imperatives Technology development always follows the path of least resistanceTechnology development always follows the path of least resistance  Entrance is often in the form of toys (Four zones of privacy) Any technology always precipitates three concerns.Any technology always precipitates three concerns.  It creates new options—thus we are no longer confined by the conventional  it challenges assumptions—thus we confront the habitual  it blurs ethical guidelines—just because we can do something doesn’t necessarily mean we should In law enforcement capability always exceeds acceptabilityIn law enforcement capability always exceeds acceptability  For every gateway to the future stand a thousand guardians of the past Technology is always in a supporting roleTechnology is always in a supporting role Technology testing is always “in addition to” and not “instead of.”Technology testing is always “in addition to” and not “instead of.” Technology development always follows the path of least resistanceTechnology development always follows the path of least resistance  Entrance is often in the form of toys (Four zones of privacy) Any technology always precipitates three concerns.Any technology always precipitates three concerns.  It creates new options—thus we are no longer confined by the conventional  it challenges assumptions—thus we confront the habitual  it blurs ethical guidelines—just because we can do something doesn’t necessarily mean we should In law enforcement capability always exceeds acceptabilityIn law enforcement capability always exceeds acceptability  For every gateway to the future stand a thousand guardians of the past Technology is always in a supporting roleTechnology is always in a supporting role Technology testing is always “in addition to” and not “instead of.”Technology testing is always “in addition to” and not “instead of.”

Stages of Weapons Development Innovation — introduced and properly exploited provides substantial, sometimes decisive advantageInnovation — introduced and properly exploited provides substantial, sometimes decisive advantage Standardization — conventional tools and methods of “doing business” with established and accepted protocolsStandardization — conventional tools and methods of “doing business” with established and accepted protocols Ritualization — accepted without challenge and habitually employedRitualization — accepted without challenge and habitually employed Satirization — unrecognized obsolescence with unrelenting allegianceSatirization — unrecognized obsolescence with unrelenting allegiance Innovation — introduced and properly exploited provides substantial, sometimes decisive advantageInnovation — introduced and properly exploited provides substantial, sometimes decisive advantage Standardization — conventional tools and methods of “doing business” with established and accepted protocolsStandardization — conventional tools and methods of “doing business” with established and accepted protocols Ritualization — accepted without challenge and habitually employedRitualization — accepted without challenge and habitually employed Satirization — unrecognized obsolescence with unrelenting allegianceSatirization — unrecognized obsolescence with unrelenting allegiance

Technology “Bump” Time Effort Technology “Bump” Status Quo

The “Low Hanging Fruit” See-Through-The-Wall RadarSee-Through-The-Wall Radar Directed Energy Vehicle StopperDirected Energy Vehicle Stopper Launched Listening DeviceLaunched Listening Device Active Denial SystemActive Denial System Global Positioning SystemsGlobal Positioning Systems C4I—Command, Control, Communications, Computers & IntelligenceC4I—Command, Control, Communications, Computers & Intelligence See-Through-The-Wall RadarSee-Through-The-Wall Radar Directed Energy Vehicle StopperDirected Energy Vehicle Stopper Launched Listening DeviceLaunched Listening Device Active Denial SystemActive Denial System Global Positioning SystemsGlobal Positioning Systems C4I—Command, Control, Communications, Computers & IntelligenceC4I—Command, Control, Communications, Computers & Intelligence Magnetic Acoustic DeviceMagnetic Acoustic Device Gunfire Location SystemsGunfire Location Systems Automatic License Plate ReadersAutomatic License Plate Readers “Trap line” Camera System“Trap line” Camera System Unmanned Aerial VehiclesUnmanned Aerial Vehicles Community Communications NetworkCommunity Communications Network Cyber-Command PostCyber-Command Post Magnetic Acoustic DeviceMagnetic Acoustic Device Gunfire Location SystemsGunfire Location Systems Automatic License Plate ReadersAutomatic License Plate Readers “Trap line” Camera System“Trap line” Camera System Unmanned Aerial VehiclesUnmanned Aerial Vehicles Community Communications NetworkCommunity Communications Network Cyber-Command PostCyber-Command Post

So what are the Implications? Thanks to Commander Sid Heal (Ret.) Los Angeles Sheriff’s Dept.