Expert Group on Business Registers 12 th Session – Paris, September 2011 Linking business registers across statistical domains: An application to entrepreneurship data Dorte Høeg KochMariarosa Lunati

Plan of the presentation OECD-Eurostat Entrepreneurship Indicators Programme Linking data in Denmark Entrepreneurship Database – Structure & linking – Results – Data relevance for policy Implications Conclusions

The Entrepreneurship Indicators Programme Rising interest from policy makers in entrepreneurship – no reliable data available The OECD-Eurostat Entrepreneurship Indicator Programme was launched in 2007, to develop policy-relevant and internationally comparable indicators of entrepreneurship and its determinants. Constructed entirely from business register data But there are still unanswered questions...

Administrative Registers in Denmark Building Person Business Three unique identifiers + a visionary law

Person Statistics (Gender &Age) -Education -Income -Parents -Occupation -Nationality -Marital status/ children -Experience

Business Register -Employees -Geography -Industry -Turnover & Exports -Legal form

Entrepreneurship Database Business Register Person Statistics New enterprises, surviving enterprises and gazelles Entrepreneurs and employees

Less than 30 % of the entrepreneurs are women,

There is a higher share of young women than men with high education. Among entrepreneurs, there is a higher share of women with higher education – at any age

There is no difference between the share of male and female entrepreneurs that become gazelles (i.e. high- growth enterprises), 2008 % Women11,9 Men11,9

- 50 % of Danish women are employed in the public sector - Most of the female entrepreneurs come from the private sector

More women than men start a new business in an industry where they have no prior experience. This is a problem, because survival and growth are generally correlated with previous industry experience. Percentage MenWomen Industry experience37,833,4 No industry experience51,250,2 Unknown prior industry1116,3 Total100

Many women start up in industries that have no or low entry requirements which make them very competitive sectors with low survival rates Top 1Top 2Top 3 Women Business consultancy activities Hair- dressing saloons Takeaway restaurants MenCarpentry Business consultancy activities Construction & civil engineering

Women establish their businesses when they are in their most fertile age. For female entrepreneurs with small children, the survival rates in retail trade is lower than in knowledge-intensive activities

Having parents with experience of self-employment increases the probability of becoming self-employed. In particular: - The effect of a self-employed father is significantly higher for males - The effect of a self-employed mother is significantly higher for females The historical lack of female entrepreneurs can therefore explain why less women become entrepreneurs today Additional insights from the linked data

Some policy implications drawn by Denmark based on analysis of the linked data A role model focus – especially around the Global Entrepreneurship Week Awareness of female entrepreneurs – yearly statistics Improvement of the maternity leave and payment Information information information – about DOs and DON’Ts

Concluding remarks Linking of registers can enrich the statistics and give more answers – Less costly – High quality – Includes all – Lower burden on the enterprises But we lack of timeliness and the possibility of benchmarking with other countries