Japan Modernizes HWH UNIT 8 CHAPTER 13.1.

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Presentation transcript:

Japan Modernizes HWH UNIT 8 CHAPTER 13.1

Japan Before Western Imperialism Shogunate Feudal society Emperor at the top (largely symbolic) Shoguns (military dictators) ruled Daimyo: landholding warrior class Samurai: Fought for the Daimyo

Feudalism in Europe and Japan King Lord Vassals Knights Peasants Emperor Shogun Daimyo Samurai Peasants Feudalism in Europe and Japan

The Tokugawa Shogunate (1603-1868) Tokugawa Ieyasu (1543-1616) The First Tokugawa shogun Capital in Edo (now Tokyo) Rigid feudal hierarchy Conservative: emphasized farming and traditional culture over trade and modernization Attitude toward the West: Sakoku “Closed Country” All Westerners expelled (except a few Dutch traders) Jesuit missionaries caused Xenophobia

The Arrival of the West and the Collapse of the Tokugawa Shogunate Commodore Matthew Perry, 1853 Sailed to Japan and demanded trade Treaty of Kanagawa: Opened Japan to the US Soon Europeans gained access Extraterritoriality Spheres of Influence

The Arrival of the West and the Collapse of the Tokugawa Shogunate 1867: The Shogunate is overthrown “Revere the Emperor, Expel the Barbarians” Anti-Tokugawa slogan 1868: The emperor is “restored”

The Meiji Restoration Emperor Meiji “Rich Nation, Strong Military” “Japanese Spirit, Western Technology” Abolished the old feudal system Industrialized and modernized Iwakura Mission: government officials travel to the West

“The Chinese have become servants to the foreigners “The Chinese have become servants to the foreigners. Sovereignty may belong to China but in fact it's no more than a colony of Great Britain and France.” -Japanese Official after visiting China, 1862

Meiji Reforms Modern Military Modern Navy Westernized education Written Constitution (1889) Intensified emperor worship Abolition of feudal system Modern banking

Industrialization in Meiji Japan Government-sponsored capitalism Zaibatsu: rich industrial families Government helped establish business, family kept the profit

Japan Becomes Imperialist 1876: Japan forces Korea to trade 1894: Sino-Japanese War China and Japan go to war over Korea Treaty of Shimonoseki Japan gains land and influence in China 1905: Russo-Japanese War 1910: Japan annexes Korea