Speech Rhythm: Stress and Unstress P.76 Three levels of stress: P.76 Three levels of stress: strong stress = focus words strong stress = focus words normal stress = content words normal stress = content words unstress = structure words unstress = structure words Focus words and content words are important! Focus words and content words are important!

Focus and Content Words I FOUND a DOLlar in my POCKet. I FOUND a DOLlar in my POCKet. I forGOT to SET the aLARM. I forGOT to SET the aLARM. What parts of speech are the following content words? What parts of speech are the following content words? found dollar pocket forget set alarm found dollar pocket forget set alarm Content words are often ________,_________, or adjectives. Content words are often ________,_________, or adjectives.

Structure Words I am PLANning to TAKE a TRIP. I am PLANning to TAKE a TRIP. She LIKES SALT and PEPper on her EGGS. She LIKES SALT and PEPper on her EGGS. What are the unstressed structure words above? What are the unstressed structure words above?

Structure Words I she her his you am are have to the and from I she her his you am are have to the and from Structure words are often _______, ___________, helping verbs, and other small grammatical units. Structure words are often _______, ___________, helping verbs, and other small grammatical units.

Predicting Stress P.80 P.80 Fill in the chart with a partner. Fill in the chart with a partner. Group Practice 3 p. 81 Group Practice 3 p. 81 Group Practice 4 p. 82 Walking the rhythm Group Practice 4 p. 82 Walking the rhythm

Focus Words 1. Focus words are usually the last content word in each thought group or short sentence. I went to the MOVies. 2. Focus words are important parts of speech. Add focus words p. 83 Add focus words p. 83

Focus Words 3. If there are several content words in a row, the last one gets the focus. 4. Adverbs at the end of the sentence that answer the questions where and when are often unstressed and fall in pitch. Ex. I’m planning to leave now. Ex. I’m planning to leave now.

Focus Words 5. Structure words at the end sentences are unstressed and fall in pitch. Ex. I’ll wait for you. Ex. I’ll wait for you. 6. Speakers usually divide longer sentences with more than five or six words into more than one thought group with a focus word in each. Ex. Some credit card COMpanies/ offer low Interest/ but they charge an annual FEE./ Ex. Some credit card COMpanies/ offer low Interest/ but they charge an annual FEE./

Focus Word Practice p “Fix the Roof”/Partner Practice p “Fix the Roof”/Partner Practice P. 87 What’s Happening and The Weather Report P. 87 What’s Happening and The Weather Report

Practice 1. Use focus words to highlight new information. Ex. I need some MOney. How MUCH money? Ex. I need some MOney. How MUCH money? 2. Use focus words to respond to a question. Ex. Tom lost his KEYS. WHO lost his keys? Ex. Tom lost his KEYS. WHO lost his keys?

Focus Words 3.Use focus to disagree Ex. Tom is going to win best actor or actress. I think Vicki is going to win. Ex. Tom is going to win best actor or actress. I think Vicki is going to win. 4. Use focus to emphasize agreement That was a great movie! That was a great movie. That was a great movie! That was a great movie.

Focus Words 5. Use focus to return a question Ex. How is your FAMily? Fine, How is YOUR family? Ex. How is your FAMily? Fine, How is YOUR family? 6. Use focus to show contrast. Ex. I’d rather COOK dinner than BUY it. Ex. I’d rather COOK dinner than BUY it. Practice p Practice p

Focus Words Guideline 7 Guideline 7 Use focus to show compound noun contrast. Use focus to show compound noun contrast. Here is the CAR phone charger that you lost. Here is the CAR phone charger that you lost. I lost the car PHONE, not the car phone CHARGER. I lost the car PHONE, not the car phone CHARGER.

Your Scene Using the guidelines you just learned about focus words, decide with your partner where the focus words are in the dialogue for your scene. Using the guidelines you just learned about focus words, decide with your partner where the focus words are in the dialogue for your scene. Why did you choose each one? Does it follow any of the guidelines? Why did you choose each one? Does it follow any of the guidelines?

Focus Practice Partner Practice: Short Conversations Partner Practice: Short Conversations p p Partner Practice: Contrast basic pattern with changes in focus p. 93 Partner Practice: Contrast basic pattern with changes in focus p. 93 Partner Practice p. 94 Partner Practice p. 94 Choice Questions p.95 Choice Questions p.95

Scene Work Look at the second half of your scene. Circle the focus words in each sentence or thought group. Look at the second half of your scene. Circle the focus words in each sentence or thought group. Why did you choose that word? Why did you choose that word? Is it the basic focus pattern or a guideline for shifting focus? Which one? Is it the basic focus pattern or a guideline for shifting focus? Which one?