A King Returns to the Throne Chapter 21:ii

Charles II accepted limits on his rule when he agreed to respect the Magna Charta and the Petition of Right.

Parliament granted Charles II an income from taxes.

Charles II urged toleration of all religions, even though he secretly preferred the Roman Catholic Church.

T e s t A c t o f A n y p e r s o n h o l d i n g p u b l i c o f f i c e m u s t b e l o n g t o t h e A n g l i c a n C h u r c h.

Five Mile Act Ministers refusing to acknowledge Anglican orthodoxy could not go within five miles of towns where they had formerly preached. London 5 miles

In exchange for financial support from King Louis XIV of France, Charles II secretly pledged to restore Roman Catholicism in England.

Under Charles II, England seized the Dutch colony of New Netherland in North America.

Whigs wanted to strengthen Parliament tended to favour toleration of Protestants were fiercely anti-Catholic tried to pass the Exclusion Act barring James from becoming king

Tories generally supported the king and the Anglican Church.

The Tories were able to defeat the Exclusion Act. would have barred James from being king E x c l u s i o n a r y A c t

W r i t o f H a b e a s C o r p u s P r o t e c t s a n i n d i v i d u a l f r o m a r b i t r a r y a r r e s t.

A prisoner must be arraigned before a judge and informed of the reason for their detention.

When James II inherited the English throne, he ignored the Test Act and appointed Catholics to important government posts.

D e c l a r a t i o n o f I n d u l g e n c e ( ) F r e e d o m f o r a l l r e l i g i o n s.

A male heir was finally born to James in June of 1688.

When Parliament learned that James II planned to raise his male heir as a Roman Catholic, it invited his oldest daughter Mary to take the English throne.

James II fled to France when his nephew, Prince William of Orange, landed in England with an army of 15,000 men.

William and Mary signed a Bill of Rights protecting civil liberties.

English Bill of Rights Limitations on English monarchs: cannot suspend any laws without Parliament’s consent must have Parliament’s approval to raise taxes or maintain an army had to summon Parliament frequently

English Bill of Rights (continued) guaranteed the right to a jury trial outlawed cruel and unusual punishment limited the amount of bail that could be imposed

A c t o f T o l e r a t i o n A l l o w e d P r o t e s t a n t s f r e e d o m o f w o r s h i p.

In 1689, hoping to regain his throne, James II led a rebellion in Ireland.

William of Orange secured his hold on the English throne when he defeated James II in Ireland.

James II fleeing Ireland after losing the Battle of the Boyne.

A c t o f S e t t l e m e n t ( ) O n l y a n A n g l i c a n c o u l d i n h e r i t t h e E n g l i s h t h r o n e.

Parliament enforced harsh penalties on Irish Catholics to prevent future rebellions: could not buy or inherit land from Protestants could not be elected to the Irish Parliament

Act of Union (1707) Created Great Britain by joining the kingdoms of England and Scotland. Scotland England

James II’s other Protestant daughter Anne became Queen of England after the deaths of William and Mary.

George I

Sir Robert Walpole

George II

George III