Language Set of arbitrary symbols English consonants: Q, W, R, T, Y, P, S, D, F, G, H, J, K, L,Z, X, C, V, B, N, M Russian consonants: б, в, г, д, ж, з, к, л, м, н, п, р, с, т, ф, х, ц, ч, ш, щ Signal Communication vs. Semantic Universality

Language Means by which ideas, inventions, and memories are transferred from generation to generation

Language All societies have language No correlation between social and grammatical complexity Most are fully competent users Don’t have to be taught

Language Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis – Language affects the way we think and hear – Linguistic determinism Berlin & Kay Sociolinguistics – Study of language in social context

Language Non-Verbal Communication – Kinesics – Proxemics – Other

Language Euphemisms – Double-speak Call of nature

Graphics Cited Sign Language: Chimp: Bedtime Stories: Television: Proxemics: Scarification: Bathroom Sign: