March 27, 2000GSU/IST/Advanced Campus Services 1 Enterprise Directory Strategy & Recommendations Georgia State University

March 27, 2000GSU/IST/Advanced Campus Services 2 Enterprise Directory F eUniversity Environment F Opportunities - account mgmt, mail, F Requirements - functional & technical F ID, Directory, Authentication, Authorization F Policy, Procedure, & Practice F Strategic Process & Methodology F Goals

March 27, 2000GSU/IST/Advanced Campus Services 3 eUniversity Environment F The electronic, wired environment of the information age is pervasive - eUniversity F Work & learning interactions are not bounded by time, place, distance F Interactions and access in the electronic world are strategic advantages, necessities F Enterprise Directory is a basic infrastructure

March 27, 2000GSU/IST/Advanced Campus Services 4 Gartner Group Recommendation Business Strategy Will Drive Directory Services “Pressures from intranet, extranet and E-commerce applications are increasing the need for an enterprise strategy for directories. This will not be easy to achieve, but tactical solutions will cause greater problems. “GartnerGroup has been advising clients for some time that directory services will be key to success in electronic workplace implementations — to analyze usage and requirements for such services, and to focus on opportunities for directory synchronization pending consolidation of the multiple directory services found in most enterprises. While this advice remains valid, we are now recommending that enterprises proactively plan for directory implementation as part of their overall Internet and electronic workplace strategies. Why this change of emphasis? Directories are moving from an incidental support role in workgroup systems toward the core of the required infrastructure.” Research Note, S. Hayward, J. Graff, N. MacDonald, 11 March 1999, (Tactical Guidelines, TG )

March 27, 2000GSU/IST/Advanced Campus Services 5 The Burton Group Recommendation Major Recommendations “The University System must begin implementation of the common directory infrastructure discussed in the October [1999] Directory Services Workshop. The long-term success and scalability of the GLOBE, Banner, PeopleSoft, GALILEO, and GIL applications are dependent upon this happening immediately.” “... Member institutions should not deploy PKI without a clear understanding of their directory plans. And to create scalable and manageable inter-institutional capabilities, the University System must build a directory infrastructure that binds the member institutions to a community, allowing them to view each other as authoritative sources for information on their own students, faculty, and services.” Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) Strategy Workshop, Summary Observations and Recommendations Prepared for the University System of Georgia, March 22, 2000

March 27, 2000GSU/IST/Advanced Campus Services 6 Internet2 “Middleware” Initiative “Directories are the operational linchpin of almost all middleware services. They can contain critical customization information for people, processes, resources and groups. By placing such information in a common storage area, diverse applications from diverse locations can access a consistent and comprehensive source for current values of key data. In future information technology environments, directories will be among the most critical services offered.”

March 27, 2000GSU/IST/Advanced Campus Services 7 Internet2 “Middleware” … what? “The items included under the heading of middleware differ depending on who is making the list…. These categorizations are all centered around sets of tools and data that help applications use networked resources and services…. “Middleware has emerged as a critical second level of the enterprise IT infrastructure. The need for middleware stems from growth in the number of applications, in the customizations within those applications and in the number of locations in our environments. These and other factors now require that a set of core data and services be moved from their multiple instances into a centralized institutional offering…. “Interoperable middleware between organizations is a particular need of higher education….”

March 27, 2000GSU/IST/Advanced Campus Services 8 Internet2 “Middleware” …core. Identifiers:A set of computer-readable codes that uniquely specify a subject. Authentication:The process of a subject electronically establishing that it is, in fact, the subject associated with a particular identity. Directories:Central repositories that hold information and data associated with identities…. Authorization:Those permissions and workflow engines that drive transaction handling, administrative applications and automation of business processes. Certificates and: Certificates and PKI are related to the previous four core public-key middleware services in several important ways. Infrastructures

March 27, 2000GSU/IST/Advanced Campus Services 9 Account Administration - Opportunities for management

March 27, 2000GSU/IST/Advanced Campus Services 10 Lookup & Phonebooks - Opportunities for searching

March 27, 2000GSU/IST/Advanced Campus Services 11 Directory Technology - Opportunities for interfaces

March 27, 2000GSU/IST/Advanced Campus Services 12 Functional Requirements - driving needs F Management of application access –Coordinating and change management –IT Audit Finding F Finding addresses, group lists –Standard groups automated? (class rosters? departments?) –Use of lists is appropriately managed F Preparing for future applications –eCore and GLOBE potential –SCT Banner strategic direction –Federal financial aid interfaces

March 27, 2000GSU/IST/Advanced Campus Services 13 Technical Requirements - basic infrastructure F Scalable solutions F Standards based technology F Interoperable architecture F Reusable components (object oriented) F Infrastructure to enable future applications F Trusted security model F Manageable administration

March 27, 2000GSU/IST/Advanced Campus Services 14 ID, Directory, Registration & Authentication, Authorization F UUID - Identify entities (persons, resources) with Universal Unique ID F DIRECTORY - Implement/maintain directory storing UUID related information F REGISTER/AUTHENTICATE - Verify & register; establish authentication method F AUTHORIZATION - Permit authenticated users to access resources and services

March 27, 2000GSU/IST/Advanced Campus Services 15 Policy, Procedure, & Practice F Policy issues must be addressed –Official persons or entities - who/what, role(s)/service(s) –Legal - FERPA, Open records, application specific... –Security - responsibility & accountability F Procedures to implement policy –How to establish unique ID (SSN, application specific, random…) –Who is involved in ID process, how access is requested, how access is permitted, how access is changed/terminated F Practice as the long term success factor –Management, monitoring, audits, change control

March 27, 2000GSU/IST/Advanced Campus Services 16 Strategic Process & Methodology F Work with existing resources: –University System of Georgia (Georgia Tech, UGA, OIIT…) –The Burton Group - Directory & PKI workshops for USG –Internet2 “Middleware” Initiative ( ) –Common Solutions Group ( ) –IETF: Internet Engineering Task Force (protocol standards - LDAP, PKI, etc.) ( –CREN: Corporation for Research & Educational Networking (Tech Talks) ( ) –CNI: Coalition for Networked Information ( –Educause Information Resources Library ( library.html ) F Prototypes, feedback, working group process

March 27, 2000GSU/IST/Advanced Campus Services 17 Strategic Goals F Build an enterprise directory infrastructure –Use standards-based protocol & architecture –Coordinated, strategic response - not ad hoc fixes F Use collaborative methodology –IETF working group model –IST Directors / GSU campus groups / University System –Higher Education alliances F Deliver Account Management 3/2001 –Establish UUID –Implement directory, load with legacy extracts –Adopt policy and procedure guidelines

March 27, 2000GSU/IST/Advanced Campus Services 18 Recommended Reading F Building Directories: The Fundamentals, with Ken Klingenstein and Keith Hazelton - 2/17/00 F Directories on Campus: Getting Started, with Frank Grewe & Mike LaHaye - 11/4/99 F Campus Directories, with Frank Grewe & Jeff Hodges - 4/22/99 F Stanford Registry & Directory Infrastructure: A Case History, Jeff Hodges - 5/10/ F Introduction to Directories and the Lightweight Directory Access Protocol, Jeff Hodges F Early Harvest Technical Workshop, September 23-24, 1999, Denver, Colorado F Current Activities in Middleware, Ken Klingenstein, Project Director, Internet2 Middleware Initiative F Schema Design Workshop presentations, Common Solutions Group, May 1999 meeting F A White Paper on Authentication and Access Management Issues in Cross-organizational Use of Networked Information Resources, Clifford Lynch, editor, Revised Discussion Draft of April 14,