WHERE IS INDUSTRY DISTRIBUTED? CHAPTER 11 SECTION 1

ORIGIN OF INDUSTRY Industrial Revolution improved industrial technology and transformed manufacturing More than just a transformation in industry New social, economic, and political inventions Root= industry Cotton Industry: Home-based manufacturing Industrial Revolution= population growth Most important invention…???

THE STEAM ENGINE 1769 by James Watt Steam engine supplied power far more than the watermills, human, and animal powers

INDUSTRIES IMPACTED BY THE I.R. Iron Coal Transportation Textiles Chemicals Food Processing

IRON First industry to benefit Previously the scale of production was small Process demanded the constant heating and cooling of iron= time consuming and skilled Steam engine= practical way to keep ovens constantly heated

COAL Was the source of energy for the steam engines and ovens for iron production Wood was the previous energy source, but was becoming scarce Wood was used for building ships, buildings, furniture, and heat TRANSPORTATION Important for diffusing the I.R. Canals, railroads, Enabled factories to bring in heavy raw materials and ship out finished goods

TEXTILES Transportation from a spread out cotton industry to a concentrated factory system Buildings resembled large watermills= mills New invention of machines Machines to untangle cotton prior to spinning CHEMICALS An industry to bleach and dye cloth FOOD PROCESSING Essential to feed factory workers no longer living on farms

INDUSTRIAL REGIONS Europe North America East Asia

EUROPE’S INDUSTRIAL AREAS United Kingdom Rhine-Ruhr Valley Mid-Rhine Po Basin North eastern Spain Moscow St. Petersburg Volga Urals Kuznetsk Donetsk Silesia

NORTH AMERICA’S INDUSTRIAL AREAS New England Middle Atlantic Mohawk Valley Pittsburgh-Lake Erie Western Great Lakes Southern California Southeastern Ontario

EAST ASIA’S INDUSTRIAL AREAS Japan China

What do you see in regards to the region with the most industrial areas, the region with the least, and that in the middle? Europe= 12 North America= 7 East Asia= 2