Release 16/07/2009Jetking Infotrain Ltd. Basic Router Configuration Chapter 5

Release 16/07/2009 Jetking Infotrain Ltd. Chapter Objectives Perform interface configuration View, save and erase configuration files Explain Router IOS image files Backup and restore Cisco IOS Backup and restore router configuration Use CDP Use Telnet Check network connectivity

Release 16/07/2009 Jetking Infotrain Ltd. Recall - I Various router components include:  Processor  ROM  RAM  Flash  NVRAM  Configuration Register Different ROM components include:  POST  Bootstrap Program

Release 16/07/2009 Jetking Infotrain Ltd. Recall - II  Mini-IOS  ROM Monitor Different modes for accessing a router CLI include:  User Exec Mode  Privileged Exec Mode  Global Configuration Mode Router administrative function include:  Assigning hostname  Assigning banners  setting password

Release 16/07/2009 Jetking Infotrain Ltd. Router Interfaces Router interfaces provide connection between the host and the network Interfaces supported by Cisco routers include:  ISDN  ATM  FDDI  Ethernet  Fast Ethernet  Gigabit Ethernet  Token ring

Release 16/07/2009 Jetking Infotrain Ltd. Case Study The Blue Diamond steel company, Gujarat branch has recently opened a branch at Hyderabad. The Software management department of Hyderabad branch urgently requires a team of eleven software engineers for their project. The department is not able to exchange information regarding the same with the Recruitment department of the Gujarat. This is mainly because serial interface is not responding.

Release 16/07/2009 Jetking Infotrain Ltd. Problem The network administrator Paul finds it difficult and time consuming to get the circuit number and phone number of the respective link using the network map

Release 16/07/2009 Jetking Infotrain Ltd. Solution Add description to an interface

Release 16/07/2009 Jetking Infotrain Ltd. Router Configuration Files The configuration files also contain the commands that are used to configure the router Whenever you create or change the router configuration, it is required to save the changes to the configuration files The configuration files are located in the RAM, NVRAM or TFTP server

Release 16/07/2009 Jetking Infotrain Ltd. IOS Processes for Configuration Files SourceDestinationCommandIOS Process RAMNVRAMcopy running-config startup- config Overwrite RAMTFTPcopy running-config tftpOverwrite NVRAMRAMcopy startup-config running- config Merge NVRAMTFTPcopy startup-config tftpOverwrite TFTPRAMcopy tftp running-configMerge TFTPNVRAMcopy tftp startup-configOverwrite CLIRAMconfigure terminalMerge

Release 16/07/2009 Jetking Infotrain Ltd. Router IOS Image Files The router saves configuration files and IOS image files in the flash memory Two types of routers based on the location of the IOS image include:  Run from Flash (RFF) router  Run from RAM (RFR) router The letter R after the model number identifies a Run-from-RAM router

Release 16/07/2009 Jetking Infotrain Ltd. Advantages of using a RFF Image An RFF image is loaded directly to the router when the router boots Advantages of using a RFF Image include:  Reduced Corruption  Faster Boot

Release 16/07/2009 Jetking Infotrain Ltd. Process of Loading an IOS from RFR Router The RFR routers load the image from the flash memory into the DRAM

Release 16/07/2009 Jetking Infotrain Ltd. Upgrading IOS Images IOS images can be upgraded from a remote FTP server RFF images can be upgraded in two ways:  Dual Flash Banks  Flash Load Helper (FLH)

Release 16/07/2009 Jetking Infotrain Ltd. Points to Remember before backing up Cisco IOS The workstation runs TFTP server software The router and workstation have an Ethernet connection made with crossover cable The workstation and Ethernet interface of the router exist on the same subnet The copy flash tftp command gets IP address of the workstation when you backup the image from the router flash The available space in flash can store the image copy

Release 16/07/2009 Jetking Infotrain Ltd. Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP) CDP gives the information about locally attached and remote devices in the network It also gives the information about hardware and protocol of the neighboring devices in the network To get the information about the CDP global parameters that can be configured on Cisco devices using the show cdp command

Release 16/07/2009 Jetking Infotrain Ltd. Telnet Telnet is a virtual terminal protocol that connects the router to remote devices It allows you to get all the information about the routers and run programs on the routers The Telnet program allows you to reconfigure or check the routers and switches without the console cable

Release 16/07/2009 Jetking Infotrain Ltd. Traceroute Output Options Output OptionsDescription *Specifies that the wait time expired or the device failed to respond ASpecifies that a remote device filtered the trace packet USpecifies that the device port is unreachable HSpecifies that the host on the destination network segment was unreachable IIndicates that the user interrupted the traceroute process NSpecifies that the destination network segment was unreachable PSpecifies that the device does not support traceroute TSpecifies that the trace packet has exceeded configuration timeout ?Indicates that the trace type in the trace packet was not identifiable

Release 16/07/2009 Jetking Infotrain Ltd. Summary - I A router interface provides connection between the user host and the network Cisco routers support interfaces such as serial, ISDN, ATM, FDDI, Ethernet, Fast Ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet and Token ring The interface command allows you to configure a router interface All the interfaces are disabled by default. The no shutdown command allows you to bring up a particular interface Router interface configuration includes configuring ip address, clock rate, bandwidth parameter and description

Release 16/07/2009 Jetking Infotrain Ltd. Summary - II The following show commands enable you to verify the router interfaces  show interface  show ip interface  show ip interface brief  show protocols  show controllers The Cisco routers allow you to view, save and erase the configuration files A backup copy of the existing IOS image is if the new IOS image is not properly upgraded on the router

Release 16/07/2009 Jetking Infotrain Ltd. Summary - III Any changes made to the router configuration are stored in the running-config file. You can use the copy command to save the changes to startup config file, flash or TFTP server The CDP global parameters include CDP timer and CDP holdtime Telnet is a virtual terminal protocol that connects the router to remote devices. It allows you to get information about the routers and the programs running on the routers

Release 16/07/2009 Jetking Infotrain Ltd. Summary - IV The show ip route and show interfaces commands allow you to troubleshoot the IOS The ping and traceroute commands allow you to check the connectivity of your router with the remote devices The debug command enables you to view the data packet transfer statistics at a particular time